| BackgroundSchizophrenia is a common and very high disability of the brain disease.because the cause is unknown,there is no effective prevention and treatment of this means,Patients with childhood and adolescence-onset Schizophrenia refers to individuals who under the age of 18 years had beens schizophrenia of illness onset,before the age of 13-years patients known as childhood schizophrenia.Compared to adult patients,childhood and adolescence-onset schizophrenia have higher genetic risk,more serious cognitive impairment,more atypicalclinical symptoms,prognosis worse.In recent years,more and more has been shown that schizophrenia is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders,abnormality in the locus of brain white matter and brain function are closely related to schizophrenia,and the psychiatric symptoms may be the abnormality of the brain neurodevelopment.In previous research,we found that the abnormalities of brain white,gray structure and brain function in the first episode children and adolescence-onset schizophrenia.But there is less study on the relationship between brain structure,brain function and clinical symptoms in children and adolescents schizophrenia.So we conducted a resting state of white matter structure,diffusion tensor imaging and functional imaging studies on children and adolescents schizophrenia.And the realted to clinical symptoms were analyzed.and Help to explore the pathological mechanism of clinical symptoms in children and adolescents schizophrenia.Objectives1.To investigate the resting state brain white matter structure,diffusion tensor imaging and brain functional magnetic resonance imaging in childhood and adolescence-onset schizophrenia.2.exploring the relationship between white matter structure,microstructure and brain functional imaging with clinical symptoms in childhood and adolescence-onset schizophrenia.Methods1.Subjects: 40 childhood and adolescence-onset schizophrenia(patients group)were chosen as the research group,35 healthy children with sex,age and race matched(healthy group)were chosen as the control group.2.Clinical Symptom Assessment: The psychopathology of schizophrenia was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).3.The structure of image data processing: All subjects underwent a 3.0T resting state structural MRI scans for data acquisition.The WM volume data preprocessing and analysis were performed using Matlab(The Math Works,Inc.,Natick,Massachusetts)platform,based on SPM8(Statistical Parametric Mapping,http: //www.fil.ion.Ucl.ac.uk/spm)of VBM8(Voxel-based morphometry.Dbm.neuro.uni-jena.De/vbm/)and the statistic analysis of image data is used in REST(RS-fMRI Data Analysis Toolkit,http: // www.restfmri.net)software package.4.DTI data processing: Using the FSL(FMRIB Software Library,www.finrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl,version 5.0.4)within the toolkit.By TBSS method,will obtain the FA figure registration to the software library of standard template FMRI58_FA,to compare cerebral white matter fiber of part anisotropy(FA)between patients and controls.5.The Brain functional imaging and analysis: All subjects underwent a 3.0T resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)scans for blood oxygenation level dependent resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(BOLD-fMRI).analyze the imaging date of preprocessing was used to DPARSF software.The Standard-based group objects were studied using Resting-State fMRI Data Analysis Toolkit(REST)software to obtain the brain region where the ReHo changes were statistically significant.6.Statistical analysis of image data was performed using REST(RS-fMRI Data Analysis Toolkit,http://www.restfmri.net)software.A independent samples t-test was applied to compare the ReHo values,FA values,WMV between CAOS patients and healthy controls.Age as covariates.AlphaSim correction(P<0.05).To explore relationship between the abnormal brain white matter volume,FA value and ReHo value of the patient group with their clinical symptoms by Pearson correlation,P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference.and found the related brain regions.Results1.The comparison of brain white matter in patients group and healthy group.Relationship between WM volumes value of brain white matter and the PANSS in patients group(1)The comparison of brain white matter in patients group and healthy group: Compared with the controls group,the patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly lower white matter volume in the left frontal lobe,right limbic lobe,left cingulate gyrus,Alphasim corrected,P<0.05.(2)The correlation between brain white matter volume and clinical symptoms is: Pearson correlation analysisshowed that the WM volumes of the Left frontal lobe were negatively correlated with the total scales(r=-0.334,P =0.038)in the PANSS,the Left cingulate gyrus were negatively correlated with the positive(r=-0.326,P=0.043)and total scales(r=-0.348,P =0.030),No further significant correlation was found.2.The comparison of DTI in patients group and healthy group.Relationship between FA value and the PANSS in patients group(1)The comparison of DTI in patients group and healthy group: Compared with the controls group,the FA values of patients group in the Body of Corpus callosum,The genu of Corpus callosum,The splenium of Corpus callosum,the cingulum bundle,Right upper corona radiate,upper left corona radiate were significantly decreased,Alphasim corrected,P<0.05.(2)The correlation between FA value and clinical symptoms is: Pearson correlation analysis showed that Analysis revealed No significant correlation was found.3.The comparison of ReHo in patients group and healthy group.Relationship between ReHo value and the PANSS in patients group(1)The comparison of ReHo in patients group and healthy group:Compared with controls,patients group exhibited decreased ReHo in the Left Medial frontal gyrus,Left Superior temporal gyrus,Left Precentral gyrus,whereas increased ReHo in the Right Inferior occipital gyrus,Caudate body,Left Inferior frontal gyrus,Right Precuneus,Bilatera superior frontal gyrus.Alphasim corrected,P<0.05.(2)The correlation between ReHo value and clinical symptoms is: the ReHo value of the Left Medial frontal gyrus were negatively correlated with the positive scales(r=-0.358,P=0.044),the Left Superior temporal gyrus were negatively correlated with the general scales(r=-0.379,P=0.032)Conclusions1.There were some reduced white matter volume in the left frontal lobe,the left cingulate gyrus,and the right limbic lobe in the first episode childood and adolescence-onset schizophrenia.The value of white matter volume in the left frontal lobe,the left cingulate gyrus are correlated with their clinical symptoms.2.There were microstructural abnormalities of white matter in the Corpus callosum and other regions in first episode childood and adolescence-onset schizophrenia,but abnormal brain area FA has no correlation with clinical symptoms..3.There were abnormal spontaneous neural activities in the left medial frontal gyrus and other brain regions in the resting state in first episode childood and adolescence-onset schizophrenia.The ReHo value of abnormal brain regions are correlated with their clinical symptoms,suggesting that the pathological mechanism of clinical symptoms may be related to the special abnormal spontaneous neural activity of the brain regions. |
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