Effect Of Air Pollutants In Suzhou On The Epidemic Of Respiratory Pathogen In Children

Objective:To understand the effect of air pollutants on the epidemic of respiratory tract in Suzhou,and find out the main air pollution components that affect the prevalence of respiratory tract pathogens in children.Methods:The mean concentrations of air pollutants,meteorological factors and clinical datas of children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection in respiratory department of Children's Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University from 2013 to 2016 were collected.The clinical datas include the results of multiple pathogen detection of nasopharyngeal secretion.Air pollution in Suzhou was analyzed and the relationship between air pollutants and respiratory pathogenic microorganisms was compared.Results:The annual average concentrations of PM2.5,PM10 and NO₂ in Suzhou from 2013 to 2016 were higher than the national standards of second-level of annual average concentration.The annual average concentrations of SO₂ from 2013 to 2015 were higher than the national standards of first-level of annual average concentration,while the concentrations in 2016 did not exceed the first-level of the national standards.The annual average concentrations of O₃ and CO from 2013 to 2016 were lower than the national standards of first-level of average concentration,but the average concentrations of O₃ from April to October of each year were higher than the first-level.The seasonal concentration variations of PM10,NO₂ and SO₂ were winter > spring > autumn > summer.The seasonal changes of O₃-8h was summer> spring> autumn> winter.The concentrations of PM2.5,PM10,NO₂ and SO₂ had a negative correlation with monthly average temperature,average humidity and precipitation.In addition,there was a negative correlation between the monthly average wind speed and the concentration of NO₂ and a positive correlation between the monthly sunshine hours and SO₂.The concentration of O₃-8h was positively correlated with monthly average temperature,precipitation,sunshine hours and monthly average wind speed.During the four years between 2013 and 2016,a total of 7082 nasopharyngeal secretions of children with ARI were collected.2687 cases of viral pathogens were detected and the positive rate was 37.9%.2513 bacteria pathogens were detected and the positive rate was 35.5%.The detection rate of virus in winter and autumn were higher than that in spring and summer.The detection rate of bacteria in spring was higher than the other three seasons.The prevailing seasons of ADV,h MPV,HI and MC were in spring,that of Pinf-? and Pinf-? were in summer,that of HBo V,HRV,SP and PA were in autumn and RSV,Inf-A and Inf-B were in winter.The results of correlation analysis showed that PM2.5 was positively correlated with the total virus detection rate,RSV,Inf-A and Inf-B detection rate.PM10 and CO were positively correlated with the total virus detection rate,RSV and Inf-B detection rate.NO₂ was positively correlated with the total virus detection rate,total bacteria detection rate,RSV,SP and MC detection rate.SO₂ was positively correlated with RSV detection rate.O₃-8h had a positive correlation with Pinf-? and HRV detection rate.Multiple linear regression analysis of significant air pollutants and meteorological factors by stepwise regression showed that air pollution was closely related to the total virus detection rate and Inf-A,Pinf-?,HRV,SP and MC detection rate.Every 10?g/m3 increase of NO₂ concentration might result in5.49%,1.84%,0.63% increase of the total virus detection rate,SP,MC detection rate.Every 10?g/m3 increase of PM2.5 concentration might result in 0.6% increase of Inf-A detection rate.Every 10?g/m3 increase of O₃-8h concentration might result in 0.55%,0.75% increase of Pinf-?,HRV detection rate.In addition,a 1cm increase of the monthly precipitation might result in 0.11% increase of Pinf-? detection rate.Conclusion:?1?PM2.5,PM10,NO₂ are major air pollutants in Suzhou and O₃,SO₂ are minor air pollutants.?2?PM2.5,PM10,NO₂ and SO₂ are more polluted in the winter when the temperature is lower and the precipitation is less,and the level of O₃ is higher in summer with high sunshine temperature,abundant sunshine and more precipitation.?3?Different virus and bacteria have different detection rate and distribution in different seasons.?4?NO₂ is an independent risk factor for the total virus detection rate and SP,MC detection rate.PM2.5 is an independent risk factor for Inf-A detection rate.The correlation between O₃-8h and Pinf-?,HRV detection rate was closest,in which,Pinf-? detection rate is also affected by the monthly precipitation.?5?Air pollutants and meteorological factors have no interaction with other viruses and bacterial pathogens except Pinf-?.