Design And Optimization Of Hydraulic Controlled Fertilizer

In recent years,in order to gain the enhanced agricultural product benefits,Xinjiang Autonomous Region,one of the Northwest China's Provinces,which has been endeavored to vigorously develop feature industries,promote the process of agricultural mechanization,optimize industrial structure and improve production efficiency relying on geographical advantages.However,the centrifugal disc fertilizer extensively employed by agricultural machinery encounters some issues,such as low spreading efficiency,uneven spreading,and week reliability during the fertilizing operation.Therefore,in this paper,with the aim to achieve more efficient fertilization under the large-scale planting mode in Xinjiang,a kind of hydraulically controlled fertilizing machine is designed.In addition,the EDEM analysis software is applied to simulate and analyze the application process,and carry out trial production and field test verification of the hydraulic-controlled fertilizing machine.The main research contents are illustrated as follows:(1)This article has tested the physical properties of fertilizer granules: three-dimensional size,density,water content and mechanical properties: friction coefficient,angle of repose,collision recovery coefficient,shear modulus respectively for the sake of exploring the impacts of the physical and mechanical parameters of fertilizer particles on the spreading effect of the hydraulic control fertilizer machine.Meanwhile,the physical and mechanical mathematical models of dammonium phosphate and urea fertilizer particles are established to prepare for the further research.(2)The overall design of the hydraulically controlled fertilizer spreader,which mainly includes: fertilizer box,frame,fertilizer spreading device,transmission device,hydraulic device,etc.Furthermore,the hydraulic control system and the design of the transmission system plan are devised and analyzed.By analyzing the working process of the fertilizer applicator,the flow of fertilizer in the process of spreading fertilizer is studied.In addition,V-shaped fertilizer box with baffle-shaped rectangular fertilizer outlet is designed,which is not only convenient for fertilizer flow but also easy to manufacture with low cost.The spiral design of the feed roller can transport the fertilizer box fertilizer to both sides of the fertilizer outlet through the rotation effect.Additionally,the bound fertilizer can be beaten and broken to improve the effect of spreading the fertilizer.The spreading disc adopts a combination design of grooved spreading blades and leakage screen baffle,which can effectively reduce the overlap of fertilizer accumulation and the spreading range of the double spreading disc in the baffle stage,improving the uniformity of spreading.(3)In order to explore the effect of the improved spreading disc compared to the typical spreading disc,using EDEM discrete element analysis software to simulate and analyze the influence of spreading disc which include three structures,from a to c,under some conditions that cover different walking speed,the speed of spreading fertilizer plate and the height of spreading fertilizer plate from the ground to the fertilizing effect of hydraulic fertilizer.The simulation results reveal that the distribution coefficient of the fertilizer spreader a is 30%,The coefficient of variation of distribution of the fertilizer spreader b is 19.7%,and the distribution of fertilizer spreader c is 4.9% when the rotational speed,height and walking speed of the spreading disc are kept the same.It can be seen that the improved spreading disc c has the best spreading performance.When exploring the influence of a single factor change on the uniformity of fertilization,other factor values are set to the middle value of the change range,and then conduct a single factor experiment on the three factors separately.The simulation results show that the spreading effect is better when the speed of the spreading disc is 1200r/min,the height of the spreading disc from the ground is 400 mm and the walking speed is 2.22m/s.(4)Through the discrete element analysis,not merely the coefficients of variation of fertilization are all smaller,but also the effect of fertilization is optimal,when the speed of the spreading disc is 1200r/min,the height of the spreading disc from the ground is 400 mm and the walking speed is 2.2m/s.In order to verify the influence of three factors which consist of the speed of the spreading disc,the height of the spreading disc from the ground and the walking speed to the uniformity of the spreading fertilizer,and to obtain the best combination of influencing factors and parameters,the Design-Expert software is adopted to conduct the central combination design experiment program for field trials.In addition,the objective function is optimized under limited boundary conditions,and finally tested and verified.