| Cultivated land not only is a natural and social complex covering natural and socioeconomic characteristics,but also it is the link that maintains the relationship between nature and social development.How to reasonable,efficient,and sustainable use of cultivated land resources is a key issue that needs to be resolved in order to maintain long-term stable development of society.The research on multifunctional cultivated land that emerged in response to this problem is an important way to internalize the externality of cultivated land resources,which is of great significance to the protection of cultivated land and the spatial control of cultivated land.Meanwhile,in given that the heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of cultivated land resources in China,this research took different landform areas in Liaoning Province as the study area,and based on the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation method to identify the spatiotemporal dynamic distribution characteristics of cultivated land function values in the 10×10km grid,the univariate and bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis methods were used to quantify and visualize the relationship between cultivated land functions and reveal the multifunctional distribution of cultivated land.We hope that it can provide theoretical support and method references for promoting the synergy development of cultivated land and scientifically constructing a multifunctional cultivated land control system.The results showed that:(1)multifunctional cultivated land had significant spatiotemporal evolution characteristics,manifested in different directions and different intensity fluctuations in time series,and regularity and difference in different landform areas.From 1995 to 2015,expect for the average value of the cultivated-land production function in the middle plain area of Liaoning and cultivated-land landscape function in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning showed a gradual decreasing trend,and the average value of the cultivated-land social function in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning increased and then decreased,the change of the average value of other cultivated-land functions showed a trend of first decrease and then increase.Among them,the average value of cultivated-land landscape function in the western hilly area of Liaoning and the average value of cultivated-land landscape function in the middle plain area of Liaoning exceeded the decline.From 1995 to 2015,the distribution areas of high-low value of multifunctional cultivated land in different landform areas were stable.The high-value areas of cultivated-land production and social functions were mainly distributed in the northern part of the western hilly area of Liaoning,the mid-west part of the middle plain of Liaoning,and the southern part of the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning.The high-value areas of cultivated-land ecological function were mainly distributed in the western hilly area of Liaoning,the southern and eastern parts of the middle plain area of Liaoning,and the middle-north part of the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning,and the high-value areas of cultivated-land landscape function were mainly distributed in the northern part of western hilly area of Liaoning,the middle-north and eastern parts of the middle plain area of Liaoning,and the southern part of the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning.(2)There were significant differences of trade-off synergy relationships and evolution trends of the single-function and multiple functions in different landform areas.The single function of cultivated-land had the characteristics of high synergy and high agglomeration distribution,and it had a diffusion effect of expanding outward in space.According to the rang of Global Moran's I in1995-2015,the single-function spatial synergy relationship of cultivated land in the western hilly area of Liaoning was: Cultivated-land production function>Cultivated-land social function>Cultivated-land landscape function>Cultivated-land ecological function;The single-function spatial synergy relationship of cultivated land in middle plain area of Liaoning was: Cultivated-land production function>Cultivated-land landscape function>Cultivated-land social function>Cultivated-land-ecological function;The spatial synergy of single cultivated land function in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning was:cultivated-land social function>cultivated-land landscape function>cultivated-land production function>cultivated-land ecological function.The western hilly area of Liaoning and the middle plain area of Liaoning were both areas with high concentration of cultivated-land production functions,and the single-function synergy of cultivated land in the middle plain area of Liaoning had deteriorated.The eastern mountainous area of Liaoning was an area with high social function of cultivated land.Except for the decrease after enhancement of the synergy of cultivated-land production function,the synergy of remaining functions of cultivated land were continuously increasing.The trade-off synergy relationship between cultivated land functions in different landform areas could be divided into two categories.One was the trade-off relationship between cultivated-land production-ecological,ecological-landscape,ecological-social functions,and synergy relationship of cultivated-land production-landscape-social functions,another type was trade-off relationship between cultivated-land production-ecological,production-landscape,ecological-social,landscape-social functions and synergy relationship between cultivated-land ecological-landscape,production-social functions.(3)In terms of the trade-off synergy pattern of single cultivated-land function,from 2005 to 2015,the spatial synergy pattern of single cultivated-land function in the western hilly area of Liaoning and the middle plain of Liaoning fluctuated more than in 1995-2005.The distribution characteristic of cultivated-land production,landscape,and social functions in the western hilly area of Liaoning showed a "north high west low",and the cultivated-land ecological function showed a "north low west high".The number of synergy areas of each cultivated-land function increased in the northeast part of the hilly area of Liaoning.The cultivated-land production and social functions in the middle plain area of Liaoning were distributed in the form of "east low mid-west high",the cultivated-land ecological function were distributed in the form of "east high mid-west low",and the cultivated land landscape function were in the form of "east high south low".The number of LL synergy areas of single cultivated-land function continued to shrink.From 1995 to 2015.The number of synergy areas of single cultivated-land function distributed along the southern part of the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning had relatively less fluctuation.In terms of the trade-off synergy pattern between cultivated-land functions,the trade-off synergy areas between cultivated-land functions in the western hilly area of Liaoning was mainly distributed in the northern and western fringe areas of the western hilly area of Liaoning.The number of synergy areas of cultivated-land production-landscape-social function and trade-off areas of cultivated-land production-ecology,ecology-landscape,and ecological-social function had continued to increase in the northern part of western hilly area of Liaoning.There were obvious east-west differences between the trade-off synergy areas of cultivated land functions in the middle plain area of Liaoning.The trade-off synergy pattern between cultivated land functions in the middle plain area of Liaoning from 2005 to 2015 fluctuated more than in 1995-2005.The trade-off synergy areas between cultivated land functions in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning were mainly distributed along the southeast Liaoning. |
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