| Rice is the main grain in China.South and southwest China are the dominant rice producing areas,with rice area accounting for 26% of the whole country.The geographical environment and climate of the rice area are complex,and the frequency of harmful organisms is high.At the same time,due to the imbalance of agricultural technology and excessive application of pesticide and fertilizer,rice yield and planting cost are affected,and ecological environment and food safety are endangered.Big data technology is an important means to solve the problem of rice drug and fertilizer abuse and scientific cultivation.Based on the core task of the national key research and development plan "integrated research and demonstration of rice chemical fertilizer and pesticide reduction technology in South China and southwest China" project 1 "Cross border and cross regional big data platform for precise application of chemical fertilizer and pesticide(no.2018yfd301)",this paper takes eight rice planting areas in Southwest China as the research area to build a big data base platform for precise application of chemical fertilizer and pesticide in rice that provides decision-making services for farmers,agricultural technicians and managers and so on.The main contents are:1.Investigate and analyze the current situation of application of big data and Internet technology in precision agriculture,as well as the problems existing in the application of rice chemical fertilizer and pesticide in China.In combination with the task requirements of key research and development plans,in-depth communication with relevant cooperation units,complete the functional demand analysis of big data platform,and identify the tasks that big data platform must complete.2.Based on the development architecture of three-tier structure,a hierarchical architecture with front-end and back-end separation is designed to ensure high cohesion,low coupling and easy expansion of the platform.PostgreSQL and accumulo are used as the database storage schemes of structured data and unstructured data respectively.The backend uses Jersey as the basic framework to develop restful style services.The front-end uses Vue as the basic framework to develop applications that present data in the form of geographic information.3.Relevant software and hardware environment is deployed to meet the requirements of mass data storage(HDFS),computing(spark)and stable operation ofmany services.Then,the multi-source heterogeneous data(remote sensing,pest and disease pattern report,resistance,residue,etc.)related to the application of rice pesticide and fertilizer are integrated to develop the application module of big data,mainly including the establishment of expert knowledge base and the realization of user management,demonstration area,commercial service and other core functions.4.The test results of big data platform show that big data platform for precise application of rice pesticide and fertilizer can effectively reduce the use of pesticide and fertilizer and non-point source pollution in rice fields,and ensure food safety by integrating and innovating rice varieties with regional characteristic resistance and efficient utilization of pesticide and fertilizer and techniques for high efficient cultivation measures,reducing application of pesticide and fertilizer,and precision and light application of pesticide and fertilizer.Besides,it builds a network diversified promotion and demonstration platform and can be demonstrated and popularized on a large scale through scientific layout of demonstration and radiation rice area,integration of comprehensive technical model of reduction for application of pesticide and fertilizer,and giving full play to the leading role of new media + big data,the supporting role of scientific and technological talents of universities and agricultural academies. |
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