Study On Karyotype Analysis And Seed Germination?Heat Tolerance In Seedling Stage Of Three Kinds Of Eggplant

Karyotype of three varieties of eggplant?‘yifeng',‘feicui'and‘foyuan'?was analyzed in present paper.The results showed that chromosome number in all the varieties or species identified was 2n=24.Karyotype formulas of‘yifeng'was 2n=2 x=24=18m+6sm,and the relative length of chromosome was 2n=2L+10M2+10 M1+2S.Karyotype formulas of‘feicui'was 2n=2x=24=18m+6sm,and the relative length of chromosome was 2n=2L+10M2+8M1+4S.Karyotype formulas of‘foyuan'was 2n=2x=24=20m+4sm,and the relative length of chromosome was 2n=16M2+6M1+2S.The karyotype of their chromosomes belongs to type 2A,1A and 1A,respectively.The effects of temperature,humidity,illumination time and intensity on the germination of eggplant seeds were studied by using L₉?3⁴?four-factor three-level orthogonal test method.The results showed that the seed germination were promoted significantly on‘feicui',‘foyuan'and‘yufeng'eggplant by the combination of temperature?27?during the day,22?at night?,humidity?75%?,illumination time?Light 16h,black 8h?and light intensity?5000Lux?.There were positive correlation between germination rate and germination potential and germination index.Temperature was the most important among the four factors,followed by humidity,illumination time and intensity.The effects of different concentration of gibberellin and potassium nitrate on seed germination of‘Foyuan'eggplant were studied.The results showed that the germination rate was 66.00%,the germination potential was 40.00%,the germination index was 38.29 under the treatment of 600mg/L GA₃solution,while the germination rate was 64.67%,the germination potential was 44.00%,and the germination index was 19.43 under the treatment of 1000mg/L KNO₃solution.When under the treatment of 400mg/L GA₃+1500mg/L KNO₃solution,the germination rate was84.33%,the germination potential was 51.00%and the germination index was 30.76,which means that all the three parameters have improved obviously.The effects of different temperature treatment on the heat resistance in the seedling stage of eggplant were studied.The results showed that the content of malondialdehyde?MDA?,electrolyte permeability?EL?,SOD activity and POD activity of the seedlings increased with the extension of the high temperature stress time,especially at 40? 8h–12h,followed by 36? and 38?.