| The experiment intended to study the effects of dried porcine solubles(DPS)on the growth,intestinal membrane barrier and intestinal inflammation of rice field eel(Monopterus albus)(initial weight: 15.47 +0.19 g)lasting for 8 weeks.Six diets(FM42DPS0,FM42DPS2.5,FM42DPS5.0,FM22DPS0,FM22DPS2.5,FM22DPS5.0)were formulated to contain 22% and 42% fish meal(FM),and each FM level was supplemented with three levels of DPS(0%,2.5% and 5.0%).Each diet had three replicates,and each replicate was composed of 80 rice filed eels.The results were listed as follows:1.FM and DPS had interaction in serum GPT,intestinal lipase and trypsin activities(p< 0.05).Comparing to other groups,the serum GPT and intestinal lipase activity in FM22DPS0 group decreased significantly(p<0.05).The serum GPT and intestinal lipase activity increased significantly with the supplement of DPS in the low FM level(p<0.05).When the DPS supplement was lower than 5%,the reduction of FM led to significant increase of intestinal trypsin activity(p<0.05),but the different level of FM had no significant influence on intestinal trypsin activity with the 5% DPS supplement(p>0.05).Main effect analysis showed that the decrease of FM would significantly reduce the weight gain rate(WGR),special gain rate(SGR),Hepatosomatic index(HSI),Viscerosomatic index(VSI)and the serum total cholesterol(TCHO),complement 3(C3),complement 4(C4),lysozyme(LZM)and Immunoglobulin M(IGM)(p<0.05);and significantly increase food convention rate(FCR),serum BUN and GOT(p<0.05).Comparing to the 0% DPS,the supplement of 5% DPS decreased serum triglyceride(TG),and increased serum BUN,acid phosphatase(ACP),C3,C4,LZM and IGM.The supplement of 5% DPS was tend to reduce FCR and increase WGR and SGR,but there were no significant difference(p>0.05).2.FM and DPS had interaction in villus height,goblet cell amount and the expression of ZO-1 in intestinal of rice field eel(p<0.05).The intestinal villus height and goblet cell amount of FM22DPS0 was lower than other groups significantly(p<0.05).At 22% FM condition,the supplement of DPS increased significantly intestinal villus height and goblet cell amount,and promoted ZO-1 expression(p<0.05).At 42% FM condition,the goblet cell amount of intestinal decreased with the supplement of DPS significantly(p<0.05).Main effect analysis showed that lower FM would reduce the CK and Na~+K~+-ATP enzyme activities,and repress ZO-2 and CL-12 expression in intestinal of rice field eel(p<0.05).DPS could improve intestinal ACP activity and expression of ZO-2 and CL-12(p<0.05).3.FM and DPS had interaction in pro-inflammatory?cytokines,IL-1β,IL-8,IL-12 and interferon γ(IFNγ),and anti-inflammatory?cytokines,transformation growth factor b3(Tgfb3)and transformation growth factor b2(Tgfb2),and some related signaling molecules,nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)and NF-κB inhibitor e(IκBe)(p<0.05).Comparing to other groups,IL-1β,IL-12 and IFNγ expression in intestinal of FM22DPS0 improved significantly(p<0.05),and expression of Tgfb3 decreased significantly(p<0.05).At 22% FM condition,DPS repressed IL-1β,IL-8,IL-12 and IFNγ,and promoted Tgfb2 and IκBe significantly(p<0.05),and 5% supplement of DPS repressed NF-κB and promoted Tgfb3 significantly(p<0.05).At 42% FM condition,expression of IFNγ and Tgfb2 increased with 2.5% DPS supplement significantly(p<0.05),and expression of IL-1β decreased significantly with 5% DPS supplement(p<0.05).Main effect analysis showed that the reduction of FM repressed Tgfb1 expression significantly,and DPS improved Tgfb1 and IkBa expression significantly(p<0.05).Conclusion: At different FM levels,5% DPS supplement was tend to improve rice field eel growth with no significant differences.At 22% FM condition,5% DPS could decrease intestinal inflammation of rice field eel and promote intestinal villus growing and tight junction protein-related mRNAs expression. |
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