Effects Of Different Plastic Film Mulching And Fertilization Levels On Pepper Growth And Yield

As one of the important measures of protective cultivation in China,plastic film mulching cultivation can improve the temperature and moisture status of the soil and near the ground,play a role in raising soil temperature,maintaining soil moisture,improving soil properties,improving soil nutrient supply status and fertilizer utilization Rate,improve light conditions,reduce the effects of weeds,pests and diseases.In this experiment,pepper was used as the test material,and the effects of different plastic film and fertilization levels on the growth and yield of pepper were discussed.The excellent cultivation measures and the best fertilization plan for pepper were selected,which provided technical guidance and theory for the cultivation of pepper covered with plastic film in Shaoxing.support.The main findings are as follows:1.The plant height and stem thickness,leaf number,stalk and root fresh weight of pepper under different plastic film mulching and fertilization levels showed an "S-shaped" curve with the growth process.During the colonization period of 0-30 d,the biomass of each treatment group The index changes slowly.During the period of 30 d-120 d,each biomass index increases rapidly,but during the period of 90 d-150 d,the plant height of each treatment increases slowly.The accumulation of dry matter in pepper plants increased with the growth process.From 0 to 30 days after planting,the dry matter accumulation of pepper plants grew slowly;from 30 to 120 days,the dry matter accumulation of pepper plants increased rapidly,and the dry matter accumulation reached its maximum value at 60 days after planting.The dry matter distribution size of pepper plants is stem> leaf> root system.Dry matter accumulation in the stalks accounts for about 60% of plant dry matter.2.The chlorophyll content increased first and then decreased with the growth process.The chlorophyll a/b value in the functional leaves of peppers gradually decreased with the growth process.Under the condition of white plastic film mulching,the chlorophyll content decreased gradually with the increase of fertilizer application level;under the condition of black plastic film mulching,the chlorophyll a/b value increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer application level.Compared with the control,the plastic film mulching delayed the senescence of the leaves;different fertilization levels had different effects on the senescence of the leaves,and the treatment with the low fertilization level of the white mulch and the theoretical fertilization level of the black mulch had the better senescence effect.3.Under the condition of white mulching film,the number of fruit per plant,fruit setting rate,fruit weight and yield all decrease with the increase of fertilization level;under the condition of black mulching film,the number of fruit per plant and fruit setting rate increase with the fertilization level However,the single fruit weight and yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilization level.The quality of pepper is less affected by the plastic film,but more affected by the level of fertilization.4.Different mulching films have different effects on the accumulation of pepper nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium.Under the condition of white mulching,the accumulation of pepper nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium showed a downward trend with the increase of the fertilization level;under the condition of black mulching,the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium of pepper increased first and then decreased as the fertilization level increased.From the perspective of the accumulation and distribution ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in various organs of pepper,the distribution of pepper fruit is the largest,accounting for about 70% of the total nitrogen accumulation,followed by the stem and leaves,and the nitrogen accumulation in the root system is the least.The content of alkali-decomposed nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in the soil under the mulch of white mulch gradually decreased,and the content of the treatment group with 80% of the theoretical fertilizer amount was the highest;With the increase of the fertilization level,the trend is to increase first and then decrease,and the content of the treatment group with the theoretical fertilization amount is the highest.At the same time,it effectively lowers the soil p H and increases the activity of soil urease,invertase,catalase and phosphatase,and the white mulch is more conducive to increasing soil enzyme activity.In summary,under different mulching conditions,the optimal amount of fertilization is different.Under the condition of white plastic film,it can reduce the amount of fertilization by 20%,and the effect of weight loss is not obvious under the condition of black plastic film.If we do not consider the factors of weeding,use white plastic film to cover and reduce the amount of fertilizer application by 20% can be popularized and applied in pepper cultivation in Shaoxing.