Effects Of Single Control And Combined Fertilization On Nutrient Utilization,Quality And Soil Properties Of Greenhouse Cucumber

In view of the demand increase for facility vegetables and the expansion of planting area,there were some problems in the production,such as excessive application of chemical fertilizers,cucumber yield and quality decline,soil physical and chemical properties deteriorate,and fertilizer efficiency lower.In this paper,a research method combining field experiment and indoor analysis was adopted.The cucumbers in the two-season facilities were taken as the research object.Six treatments were set for each season to study the biological control,micro-nutrients,and zeolite.The effects of combined regulation of fertilization modes on plant nutrient absorption,cucumber yield,fruit quality,economic benefit,fertilizer utilization,soil physical properties,soil nutrient spatial and temporal distribution,and number of microorganisms were studied to provide theoretical support for the safe fertilization of vegetables.The main results were as follows:1.On the basis of recommended fertilization,the ratio of whole plant nutrient accumulation of single application of biological bacterial fertilizer and farmers' customary fertilization increased by 13.3%-22.7%respectively;the maximum yield of cucumber with single application of zeolite was 58237 kg/hm2.In the combination treatment,the recommended inorganic fertilizer+biological bacterial fertilizer+medium and micronutrients+zeolite increased 9.7%-19.6%of the whole plant nutrient accumulation compared with farmers' customary fertilization;the maximum cucumber yield was 71145 kg/hm2,an increase of 29.9%.The results showed that inorganic fertilizer combined with biological bacterial fertilizer and zeolite could improve cucumber yield and promote nutrient absorption.2.Compared with the farmers' customary fertilization ratio,it was recommended that fertilization treatment reduced the amount and cost of chemical fertilizers,and effectively improve fertilizer production efficiency,agronomic efficiency and cucumber pure income.Under the same amount of fertilization,compared with the recommended inorganic fertilizer treatment ratio,the production efficiency of the three kinds of fertilizers with single control measures increased by 6.2%-8.5%,the agronomic efficiency increased by 26.1%-35.9%,and the economic benefit increased by 6333-7628 yuan/hm2;The efficiency of fertilizer production combined with regulation measures had increased by 13.0%-22.8%,and the economic benefit had increased by 3789-25614 yuan/hm2.This showed that the addition of control substances on the basis of recommended inorganic fertilizers not only improves fertilizer efficiency,but also increases economic benefits.It was better to use combination control measures.3.Compared with the farmers' customary fertilization,the Vc,soluble protein and soluble sugar of the recommended inorganic fertilizer combined with biological bacterial fertilizer in the single control measures increased by 7.8%-22.2%,and the quality of the fruit with trace nutrients in the application increased by 10.0%-34.6%,the nitrate of the four recommended fertilization treatments decreased significantly by more than 15.0%.In the combination measures,the content of cucumber Vc,soluble protein and soluble sugar in recommended inorganic fertilizer+biological bacterial fertilizer+medium and micronutrients,recommended inorganic fertilizer+biological bacterial fertilizer+medium and micronutrients+zeolite increased by 23.1%-42.9%,and nitrate decreased above 35.0%,the difference between the two was not significant.It indicated that biological bacterial fertilizer and medium and micronutrients were beneficial to improve the quality of cucumber and reduce the content of nitrate in cucumber.4.On the basis of recommended fertilization,single application of biological bacterial fertilizer was beneficial to increase the content of soil available phosphorus and available potassium,increase organic matter,increase the number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes,reduce electrical conductivity,and reduce soil NO3--N accumulation;single application zeolite can effectively increase soil water content and NH4+-N content.In the combination measures,the recommended inorganic fertilizer+biological bacterial fertilizer+medium and micronutrients+zeolite can effectively increase the soil water content,pH,NH4+-N,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter,bacteria and actinomycetes.There was a certain correlation between the physical and chemical and number of microorganisms of the soil and the yield and quality of cucumber.Improving soil quality and fertility was beneficial to increasing the yield and quality of cucumber.In summary,on the basis of the recommendation of inorganic fertilizers,the combined application of biological bacterial fertilizer and zeolite alone had a higher yield,and the soil environment was better;the separate application of biological bacterial fertilizer and medium and micronutrients treatment of cucumber had better quality;the fertilizer treatment efficiency and economic benefit were better.Among the combination measures,inorganic fertilizer+biological bacterial fertilizer+medium and micronutrients+zeolite were recommended to stabilize production and improve quality,improve soil properties,and maintain soil microbial balance.It was recommended that farmers choose appropriate control materials on the basis of reducing the application of chemical fertilizers to achieve different goals of high yield,high quality,high efficiency and high income.