The Effect Of Different Ratio About Cow Dung And Fertilizer On Cucumber Yield?qualities And Soil Nutrient In Greenhouse

Vegetable plants cultivated in greenhouses have developed rapidly in China and are an important means for farmers to increase their income.In order to pursue yield,a large number of chemical fertilizers are used.Excessive and unreasonable use of chemical fertilizers results in the decline in the yield and quality of vegetables,the destruction of soil structure,and the increase in pests and diseases,which seriously affect the sustainable development of China's vegetable industry.This research is part of the key research and development project of the country,“Integration and Demonstration of the Techniques for the Reduction of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides in Cucumber and Tomato Plants in Central and South Henan Province”.In the spring of 2017,it was carried out in the plastic greenhouse of the Fugou Vegetable Research Institute.The application of 2t,3t,and 4t of manure organic fertilizer per acre(667m~2)replaces the same proportion of chemical fertilizers,and the use of chemical fertilizers and demonstrations.The program fertilization methods were compared.Each treatment was set up with 4 replicates.The area of the plot was 60m~2.The effects of various treatments on the growth characteristics,yield,quality,and soil nutrients of greenhouse cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)were analyzed,and the appropriate ones were selected.The ratio of cow dung and chemical fertilizers provides a scientific fertilization scheme for the cultivation of cucumber,and provides a theoretical basis for the reduction of chemical fertilizer application in the cultivation of greenhouse vegetables.The main results obtained are as follows:1.Effects of different cow manure organic and chemical fertilizers on cucumber growth index.Through the measurement of plant height,stem diameter,number of leaves,leaf chlorophyll content,leaf nitrogen content,and root-shoot ratio at stubble,the total plant height ratio of cow manure organic fertilizer 3t(T3)was measured before and after top dressing.Fertilizer(CK)grows well;stems treated with 4t(T4)of cow manure organic fertilizer and 3t(T3)of manure organic fertilizer perform best during the whole growth period and are more conducive to promoting plant robustness than single application of chemical fertilizer(CK).Growth,but there was no significant difference between T3 and T4 treatments;3t(T3)treatment of cow manure organic fertilizer had the largest number of leaves throughout the growing season;single-application of cow manure organic fertilizer 4t(T4)and single-use chemical fertilizer(CK)-treated plants.The chlorophyll content was relatively high,and the leaf nitrogen content was positively correlated with the chlorophyll content.The performance was consistent.The 4t(T4)treatment of single applied cow manure organic fertilizer had the highest ratio of root to crown,followed by the demonstration shed(T5),and cow manure organic fertilizer 3t(T3).)The root-to-crown ratio was lower than that of single-use cow manure organic fertilizer 4t(T4)and demonstration shed(T5),but the difference was not significant between the three.2.Effects of different cow manure organic and chemical fertilizers on yield and quality of cucumber.The yield of cow manure organic fertilizer 3t(T3)was the highest,which was 1.4% higher than the control single fertilizer(CK).The Vc content of cucumber: 3 t(T3)is the highest for cow manure organic fertilizer,1.8 times higher than that of single chemical fertilizer(CK);the ratio of sugar to acid is 4 t(T4)for cow dung organic fertilizer and 3 t(T3)for cow manure organic fertilizer.The ratio of sugar to acid of cow manure organic fertilizer 3t(T3)is 20% higher than that of single applied chemical fertilizer(CK);Nitrate content: The 3t(T3)treatment content of cow manure organic fertilizer is the lowest,and it is lower than that of single chemical fertilizer(CK).44.6%.3.The effect of different organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers on cucumber quality.Vc content of cucumber: 3 t(T3)of manure organic fertilizer is the highest,1.8 times higher than that of single chemical fertilizer(CK),and the ratio of sugar to acid is 4 t(T4)for cow manure,and 3 t(T3)for manure organic fertilizer.Among them,cow manure organic fertilizer 3t(T3)is 20% higher than the single applied chemical fertilizer(CK),nitrate content: cow manure organic fertilizer 3t(T3)treatment content is the lowest,compared to single application chemical fertilizer(CK)A decrease of 44.6%.3.The effect of different organic and chemical fertilizers on the soil nutrient.In the 0-20 cm soil layer,the 3t(T3)treatment of cow manure organic fertilizer can not only ensure the N,P,and K nutrients required for plant growth,but also balance the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in the soil.In the 20-40 cm soil layer,the available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of cow manure organic fertilizer 3t(T3)are all in the middle level,and the soil nutrient indexes are relatively stable,which is more conducive to the growth of crops.In the 40-60 cm soil layer,the soil nutrient content of each treatment varies greatly,but the demonstration shed(T5)treatment has higher soil nutrient content in the 40-60 cm soil layer.Therefore,cow manure organic fertilizer 3t(T3)is treated in 0-40 cm soil layer.The content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium released in different periods is more stable,which is more conducive to the growth of plants.It is the best fertilization in the test range.ratio.