Study On Resources And Design Of Ornamental Fruit Plants In Autumn/Winter In Three Nanjing Universities

Broadly speaking,the ornamental fruit plants refer to woody plants with fruity ornamental value.In autumn and winter,the ordinary plant landscape is dominated by fall-leaf landscapes.The autumn-fruit landscape has not received enough attention,and There are few studies on the ornamental order of the ornamental fruit plants.In addition,the ornamental fruit plants are closely related to the diversity of resident birds in winter,so it is particularly important to have a good grasp of the growth characteristics of the ornamental fruit plants in autumn and winter.In order to have a better understand of the ornamental rules of the ornamental fruit plants during the fruit period,and provide the ornamental period of the ornamental fruit plants in autumn/winter for afforestation construction of Nanjing,the author used the research methods of phenology to record the fruit period of the ornamental fruit plants in autumn/winter of major universities in Nanjing,and the survey lasted six months.A total of 100 plots were selected in Nanjing Forestry University(Xinzhuang District),Nanjing Normal University(Suiyuan District)and Nanjing University(Gulou District)by using the point-centred quarter method,and the author analyzed the species composition of plant community,the quantitative characteristics of the community,the sequence and period of the discoloration of the ornamental fruit plants,etc.Through the analysis of the survey data,we found:(1)Among the surveyed plots,there are 50 species of the ornamental fruit plants in autumn/winter,belonging to 30 families and 43 genera,of which there are 34 species of trees and 16 species of shrubs.The dominant families are Rosaceae(7 species)and Caprifoliaceae(5 species),and the single species family species accounted for 66.7%of the total number of the ornamental fruit plants;The ornamental fruit plants in autumn/winter in the three universities are mainly composed of Osmanthus fragrans and Cinnamomum camphora,and supplemented by Pittosporum tobira,Photinia serrulata and Viburnum odoratissimum var.awabuki,forming the configuration features of Osmanthus fragrans+Photinia serrulata,Ginkgo biloba+Osmanthus fragrans,Trachycarpus fortunei+Sabina chinensis,Osmanthus fragrans+Nandina domestica;72%of the species are native species in Nanjing.Among them,the species such as Cinnamomum camphora,Photinia serrulata,Ligustrum lucidum,and Melia azedarach have a large amount of fruit.It is a very good bird-feed tree species.(2)In Nanjing,most ornamental fruit plants began to change color in mid-October(the lowest temperature was between 12 to 17?);in early November(the lowest temperature was between 6 to 12?),most fruit discoloration rate have reached 50%;most of the ornamental fruit plants completed the discoloration process in early December(the lowest temperature was between-2 to 5?).In late January 2018,most of the the ornamental fruit plants ended their fruit period.(3)The best ornamental period of the 50 species of the ornamental fruit trees is mostly 30-45 days and 60-90 days,accounting for 29.8%and 22.0%.The species with a ornamental period longer than 90 days are Sapindus mukorossi(1 50d),Bischofia polycarpa(94d),and Ilex cornuta(91d).The best ornamental period for autumn-fruit Landscape in Nanjing(2017)is from late September to mid-December,lasting three months.Before the early November,the objects are mainly red and yellow fruits;in mid-November,the red,yellow,and blue black fruits all well balanced,and the fruit color of the whole plant is the best;after the end of November,the red and blue fruits are mainly observed.Through the above research results,the author has a more systematic understanding of the configuration features and ornamental period rules of the ornamental fruit plants of Nanjing Universities.The best ornamental period of the ornamental fruit plants in autumn/winter overlaps little,and can form a complete and continuous autumn-fruit landscape.The research results may provide some reference for garden constructors in the allocation of ornamental fruit plants,and can also help to make strategies in urban bird attracting.At the same time,the deficiencies in the research can also bring new thoughts for future researchers.