| In recent years,with the increasing negative impact of fertilizer application on soil,ecology and agricultural product quality,and the agricultural sustainability issues are increasingly prominent.Changing the fertilization method and selecting the right fertilizer are the key to improving soil fertility and crop yield and quality,and the only way to promote the sustainable development of agricultural production.Based on water-saving irrigation,this paper studied the effects of different ratios of bio-organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers on rice growth,physiological indexes and yield under controlled irrigation by combining plot experiment and laboratory analysis.A reasonable fertilizer allocation ratio suitable for growth and high yield of rice in controlled irrigation was preliminarily determined.The research results are as follows:(1)The application of bio-organic fertilizer slightly increased the plant height of rice in water-saving irrigation,but it was not obvious.However,the application of bio-organic fertilizer can effectively increase the stem number and leaf area index of rice,promote the accumulation of dry matter,and ensure the good growth of rice.Especially in the case of high application amount of bio-organic fertilizer(75%bio-organic fertilizer+25%chemical fertilizer,100%bio-organic fertilizer),The stem number and leaf area index of rice increased by 96.6%,57.1%and 124.8%,89.3%,respectively,compared with full chemical fertilizer treatment,and the improvement effect is more obvious.(2)The different application amounts of bio-organic fertilizer had different effects on the chlorophyll content of rice leaves in water-saving irrigation,but the application of bio-organic fertilizer significantly improved the total leaves net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of rice population.In the case of high application rate of bio-organic fertilizer(75%bio-organic fertilizer+25%chemical fertilizer,100%bio-organic fertilizer),the total photosynthetic effect of rice population leaves is particularly obvious,and the total leaf net photosynthetic rate increased by 22.1%and 34.6%,the total transpiration rate increased by 31.4%and 46.8%,and the total stomatal conductance increased by 9.7%and 22.5%,respectively,compared with the full chemical fertilizer treatment.(3)The application of bio-organic fertilizer has significantly improved the yield components of rice in water-saving irrigation,such as effective panicle number,seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight,and finally achieved rice yield increase.Under the condition of 75%bio-organic fertilizer and 25%chemical fertilizer application,the effective panicle number,seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight of rice were all the highest,which was 56.6%,6.9%and 24.5%higher than that in the full chemical fertilizer treatment.And the final yield is 2.73 times that of the full fertilizer application.Therefore,75%bio-organic fertilizer combined with 25%chemical fertilizer can effectively promote the growth and development of rice in water-saving irrigation,enhance the physiological activities such as photosynthesis and transpiration of rice,and improve the final yield of rice,which is the most suitable ratio of bio-organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer for rice cultivation in water-saving irrigation. |
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