Characteristics Of Rhizosphere Soil Environment Of Opisthopapus Shih

Opisthopapus Shih is a unique perennial herb in China,drought-tolerant,cold-resistant,with aromatic oils,fragrance lasting,its flowers with liver eyesight,clearing throat effect,Opisthopapus Shih has a certain economic value and ornamental value.Opisthopapus Shih classified into Opisthopappus taihangensis Shih and Opisthopappus longilobus Shih,which distributed in Taihang Mountains,with special environment and narrow distribution.Due to habitat fragmentation and human picking vandalism,it has been selected into China's second batch of rare and endangered plants.By measured 19nutrient elements in 22 Opisthopapus Shih rhizosphere soil and plants,get the soil nutrient difference,and the relationship between the elements,environmental factors and geographical conditions,which reveal Opisthopapus Shih rhizosphere soil nutrient characteristics and differences.This study provide a theoretical basis for the rationalization protection and development of Opisthopapus Shih.The main consequence are as follows:1.Characteristics of nutrient elements in hizosphere soil of Opisthopapus ShihThe pH in O.taihangensis rhizosphere soil is in the range of 6.5 to 8.13?AVG=7.51,C·V%=0.03?,the pH in O.longilobus rhizosphere soil is in the range of 6.5 to8.5?AVG=7.43,C·V%=0.03?,which indicate that the pH of Opisthopapus Shih rhizosphere is neutral or weakly alkaline?7.5⁸.5?.The content of OM(>4g·kg^-1),Fe and Ca in Opisthopapus Shih rhizosphere soil are high,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium content are few.The differences of nutrient elements in the rhizosphere soil of Opisthopapus Shih are mainly performanced in OM?F=9.315?,available phosphorus?F=8.874?,sulfur?F=3.767?,calcium?F=2.949?,titanium?F=1.577?and iron?F=1.993?.Among Opisthopapus Shih,the significant differences in nutrient elements are mainly in OM,Fe,Ti and Mn.The highest content of rhizosphere soil is OM?F=8.682?in SNS with the altitude of 1028m,the lowest content populations are BQ and LSZT with the altitude of 895m and 530m;The highest content of rhizosphere OM?F=8.276?is GJT with the altitude of 805m,and the lowest content population are BWD and LFS with the altitude of 1160m and 1120m.The population with higher content of Fe,Ti and Mn in the rhizosphere soil of O.taihangensis is BQ with the altitude of 895m,the lower content is LSZT with the altitude of 530m.Ti and Mn in the rhizosphere soil of O.longilobus are higher than O.aihangensis.The contribution rate of SOM?0.885?,total phosphorus?0.843?and total potassium?0.686?in O.taihangensis rhizosphere soil was higher than other nutrient elements.Therefore,the main nutrient elements in the rhizosphere soil of O.taihangensis are total phosphorus,organic matter and total potassium.The contribution rates of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen?0.909?,available potassium?-0.686?,OM?0.885?,total phosphorus?0.665?and total potassium?-0.651?in the rhizosphere soil of O.longilobus were higher than other nutrient elements.Therefore,the main nutrient elements in the rhizosphere soil of O.longilobus are alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,total phosphorus,available potassium,OM and total potassium.2.Characteristics of nutrient elements content in plants of Opisthopapus ShihThe content of Fe and Ca in the plant of O.taihangensis are higher,and the content of iron and calcium in O.longilobus plants are higher than O.taihangensis,which is consistent with the characteristics of Fe and Ca in rhizosphere soil.The difference in nutrient element content among plants of Opisthopapus Shih is mainly expressed in sulfur?F=5.707?,calcium?F=4.272?,organic matter?F=3.705?and total phosphorus?F=1.932?,which is consistent with the characteristics of rhizosphere soil.The F values of iron and manganese in O.taihangensis are 0.906 and 0.618,and the F values of iron and titanium in O.longilobus are 0.927 and 0.758.Therefore,in O.taihangensis and O.longilobus,the significant differences in nutrient elements are mainly in iron,titanium and manganese,which are similar to the differences of nutrient elements in rhizosphere soil.3.Relevance in Opisthopapus Shih rhizosphere soil nutrients based on ecological niche simulationMMRR correlation analysis by PASSaGE to calculate the three numerical matrices of soil,geography and environment.It is found that the rhizosphere soils of O.taihangensis and O.longilobus are significantly correlated with geographical conditions and environmental factors?climate,rainfall,temperature?.The rhizosphere soil of O.taihangensis is greatly affected by geographical conditions,and the rhizosphere soil of O.longilobus is greatly affected by environmental factors.In summary,the pH of Opisthopapus Shih rhizosphere soil is mostly weakly alkaline,and speculate that Opisthopapus Shih plants prefer a weak alkaline soil environment;The content of calcium and iron in rhizosphere soil and plants are very high,and the content of calcium and iron in O.longilobus is higher than that in O.taihangensis,and the content of iron is higher than calcium.It is speculated that the growth of Opisthopapus Shih requires iron mineral elemental.There are some differences in nutrient elements between the species and within the species.The contents of organic matter,calcium and iron in the different altitude of Opisthopapus Shih rhizosphere soil in Henan have a great difference,which is greatly affected by geographical location and altitude.The O.longilobus at similar altitudes are affected with the environment,which indicates that the content of nutrient elements in Opisthopapus Shih is related to the geographical location and environmental conditions,and the content of some elements of O.longilobus is higher than O.taihangensis,which may be related to the evolution and adaptability of O.longilobus.This study reveals the environmental nutrient content in rhizosphere soil of Opisthopapus Shih provides a theoretical basis for the rationalization,protection and development of the endangered species.