Measuring Externalities Of Offshore Cage Culture In Zhoushan And Policies Of Internalizing These Externalities

Cage culture is one of the main mariculture methods in China.Since the 1970 s,the scale of cage culture has continuously increased and has increasingly become the main body of mariculture in China.It is worth noting that in the development process of marine cage culture in China,both marine fishery managers,marine aquaculture practitioners and fishery technicians are more concerned about the economic benefits of culture and less about the impact of marine cage culture on the marine ecological environment.Due to the long-term neglect of the impact on the marine ecological environment of marine cage culture,local sea pollution and ecosystem degradation caused by cage culture are becoming increasingly serious.Zhoushan is a traditional marine fishery market.Marine fishery economy plays an important role in economic and social development,in which mariculture plays an important role.As an efficient of mariculture,offshore cage culture has greatly promoted the development of mariculture.However,the externality of offshore cage culture and the loss of marine ecological environment caused by it are also one of the problems that have been neglected for a long time.Based on this,this paper intends to study the problem of offshore net cage culture from the perspective of resources and environment from the perspective of externality.On the basis of identifying the externality of offshore net cage culture,Zhoushan city is taken as the research area,and the negative externality value of Zhoushan city's offshore net cage culture is calculated by the conditional value assessment method(CVM).The causes of the externality of Zhoushan city's offshore net cage culture are analyzed.Combined with the corresponding internalization theoretical path,the policy suggestions for internalization of Zhoushan city's offshore net cage culture externality are put forward.The research is mainly carried out from the following aspects:(1)Measurement of the Externality of Offshore Cage Culture in Zhoushan City.Firstly,the externality of Zhoushan offshore cage culture was analyzed.On the basis of defining the sender and receiver of externality,the negative externality value of Zhoushan offshore cage culture was calculated.The negative externality value of Zhoushan offshore cage culture was 9.155 million yuan/year.(2)Cause analysis and Internalization path of the externality of offshore cage culture in Zhoushan City.Firstly,the causes of externalities are analyzed from four angles of government,property right,system and mode.Secondly,from Pigovian taxes,Coase'smethod and emission trading,the possible path to internalize the externality of offshore cage culture in Zhoushan is proposed.(3)Policy Suggestions for Internalization of External Cage Farming in Zhoushan City.Based on the above analysis results,the internalization policy suggestions for the externality of offshore cage culture in Zhoushan city are put forward:(1)clear the sewage discharge standard of offshore cage culture and implement the emission right system;(2)Impose a special ecological environment tax on offshore cage culture;(3)Extend Zhoushan's current emission trading system to offshore cage culture;(4)Implement the whole process supervision of ecological environment in the offshore cage culture area,focusing on monitoring the water quality and bottom materials in the culture area;(5)Promote the upgrading of offshore cage culture technology and encourage large-scale culture.