| Cherry tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）is the main vegetable cultivated in solar greenhouses in China.In the actual production process,there are problems such as extensive management and low utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer.The precise regulation of fertilizer and water has become the key technology for improving quality and increasing yield of cherry tomato in solar greenhouses.In this paper,cherry tomato"Qianxi"and"Hongyu"were used as experimental materials to study the effects of basal soybean cake fertilizer,topdressing nitrogen fertilizer and water control on the quality of cherry tomato in winter-spring and autumn-winter in solar greenhouses.The main results are as follows:1.Compared with CK,the results showed that the content of soluble solid,soluble sugar,titratable acid,VC and soluble protein of cherry tomato in winter-spring were significantly increased by separately adding soybean cake fertilizer of 1500,3000 and 4500 kg·hm-22 to the base fertilizer,which were 8.89%,15.73%,21.05%,8.33%and 12.88%respectively,to improve the quality of the cherry tomato.Meanwhile,plant height,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,per fruit weight,per plant yield and per mu yield were significantly increased by3.16%,35.98%,21.67%,21.43%,8.60%,4.01%,5.15%and 4.94%,which effectively promoted its growth and development and increased its yield.Under the conditions of this experiment,the optimum fertilizer application rate for soybean cake in winter-spring is 4500 kg·hm-2.2.The target output in winter-spring is 45,000 kg·hm-2,and that in autumn-winter is 60,000kg·hm-2.Combined with the nutrient content of the soil itself,the fertilizer application amount of the soil formula was calculated.Four treatments including no nitrogen,target yield nitrogen topdressing amount,target yield nitrogen topdressing amount of 50%and target yield nitrogen topdressing amount of 150%were set,and it was found that the target yield nitrogen catch-up amount of 50%significantly improved the quality and nitrogen utilization rate of cherry tomatoes in winter-spring and autumn-winter in solar greenhouses,and had little effect on plant growth and yield.Specifically,the soluble solids,soluble sugar,titratable acid,VC content and other quality indexes of cherry tomatoes in winter-spring were significantly improved by 2.86%,18.12%,6.52%and 11.76%,and the agronomic nitrogen utilization efficiency,nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity were increased by 6.61%,8.02%and 86.48%.The quality indexes of soluble solids,soluble sugar,titratable acid,VC and soluble protein content of cherry tomatoes in autumn-winter were significantly increased by 12.24%,14.52%,9.09%,17.07%and 25.19%,and the nitrogen agronomic utilization efficiency,nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity were increased by 60.62%,4.27%and97.33%.In this experiment,optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer is 50%of the target nitrogen topdressing amount（120 kg·hm-22 in winter-spring and 135 kg·hm-22 in autumn-winter）3.Three treatments with different relative soil water contents of field water capacity were designed,40%～50%,60%～70%,and 80%～90%,respectively.The results showed that the content of soluble solids,soluble sugar,titratable acid,VC and water use efficiency of cherry tomato were significantly increased with increasing of relative soil water content.But net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,chlorophyll content,individual fruit weight and yield of cherry tomato increased first and then decreased with increasing of relative soil water content.Combined entropy weight method with TOPSIS method,through comprehensive analysis of the indexes of cherry tomato’s quality,yield and water use efficiency tomato,the optimum relative soil water content was 40%～50%of the field water capacity. |
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