Study On Hydroponics Induction Technique Of Garlic Gas Bulb

Garlic is a kind of asexual reproduction crop.Many factors,such as asexual propagation and stubble in the long-term planting process,lead to serious virus accumulation in plants,and then seriously affect the yield and quality of garlic.Garlic in vitro rapid propagation technology can effectively solve the above problems.The method of heat treatment combined with stem tip culture is often used to detoxify garlic,but the operation of this method is very difficult.The operators must have high technology,low reproduction coefficient and high production cost.The air borne bulb grows from the buds in the flower bud at the top of the garlic bolt.It has the advantages of fast growth,small size,large number,high germination rate,stable heredity,and low virus carrying rate.The tube seedling formed by the air borne bulb can be naturally detoxified,which is the first choice for virus-free breeding of garlic in vitro.However,the self identified maturity of the aerial bulb in the field will affect the expansion of garlic,resulting in the reduction of garlic production,and the aerial bulb,like garlic,has its own dormancy,so the key to solve these problems is to develop efficient induction technology of the aerial bulb,artificial sleep breaking technology and fully study the mechanism of dormancy solution of the aerial bulb.In this study,firstly,the garlic bolt was used as the material to induce the aerial bulb by the method of hydroponics,then the aerial bulb was used as the explant to induce the test tube plantlet directly.The effects of different ways of breaking sleep on the dormancy release of the aerial bulb and the detoxification effect of the test tube plantlet were studied.At the same time,the mechanism of Exogenous GA₃ and FL to release the aerial bulb dormancy was explored.Finally,the test tube plantlet was transplanted to the outdoor.To study the difference of growth characteristics between tissue culture and seedling.The main results are as follows:1.The optimum nutrient solution was horgran basic nutrient solution+1 mg·l^-1NAA+1 mg·l^-1ABA.The pH value was 6.0.The induction rate of air bulb was 100%.The number of air bulb was large and heavy.2.If the density is too high,the number of air bulb is small and the single weight of air bulb is small.If the density is too small,it will cause the waste of resources and the nutrient solution can not be fully used.Adding 200 mg·L^-11 streptomycin,200 mg·L^-11 cephalosporin and 200 mg·L^-11 penicillin into the nutrient solution is the most appropriate,which can reduce the number of nutrient solution changes during the induction of aerial bulbs,not only keep the nutrient solution clean,inhibit the propagation and growth of algae,but also have no impact on the formation of aerial bulbs.3.By comparing the effects of Exogenous GA₃ and FL on breaking the dormancy of garlic aerial bulbs,it is concluded that the germination rate of aerial bulbs can reach 62.5%after soaking in GA₃ of 250 mg·L^-11 for 12 hours,and 70.8%after soaking in FL of 20mg·L^-11 for 12 hours.The comprehensive analysis shows that FL is better than GA₃ in breaking the dormancy of garlic aerial bulbs.4.During dormancy,abscisic acid and cytokinin content were higher,gibberellin content was lower,respiratory intensity was weak,and growth was basically stagnant.After stimulated by Exogenous GA₃ and FL,the respiratory function gradually strengthened,the content of endogenous gibberellin increased,the content of abscisic acid and Zeatin nucleoside decreased,carbohydrate gradually degraded,substance metabolism was active and dormancy was relieved.5.DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR were used to detect the virus-free effect of the aerial bulbs.The results showed that the virus-free rate of the aerial bulbs could reach 94.19%and the garlic common latent virus could be completely removed.6.The results showed that the growth and quality of the aerial bulb plantlet were better than that of the seedling,but its resistance was poor.