Inheritance Of Main Quality Characters And Utilization Of Heterosis Of Sweet Maize

This experiment adopts the phenotypic clustering and SSR two clustering methods from 60 of sweet corn inbred lines selected genetic difference of 12 do hybrid parent inbred lines,using the method of NC ? makes 35 hybrid combinations.The main agronomic characters and quality characters of each parent and hybrid combination were analyzed by heterosis,combining ability,heredity and correlation,and the relationship between soluble total sugar and protein and main agronomic characters was analyzed by path analysis.The experiment results are as follows:1.Cluster analysisPhenotypic clustering analysis was used to divide the inbred lines of 60 sweet corn varieties into five groups,and SSR clustering analysis divided them into four groups.Through the analysis,the two clustering methods were basically identical.The first category of phenotypic clustering was basically consistent with the first category of SSR clustering,and the fourth category of phenotypic clustering was basically consistent with the third category of SSR clustering.However,cluster analysis only provides a reference for the selection of excellent parents,and the heterosis of the combinations of two inbred lines belong to the same group may not be very low,so the combinations cannot be prepared completely based on the results of cluster analysis.2.Heterosis analysisThis experiment by means of cross combinations of 35 average 16 traits,transgression andadvantage index analysis: F1 heterosis,obviously,the plant height,ear position high schooleither average or transgression advantages are all positive,whereas in the other 14 traits arenegative,but more for the positive advantages outweigh the negative edge part.In the analysis ofthe dominance index,it was found that the heterosis index of each character was greater than 1,indicating that the heterosis of this experiment was relatively obvious.3.Combining force analysisProtein content,for example,parents G3 G4 G7 G11 and G12 general effect of high value than other general effect of the parents,and by these parents are equipping of hybrid combinations G3 * G11,G3*G12,G4 * G11,G4 * G12,G7* G11 and G7 *G12 special combining ability of value is higher than other combination,suggesting that the parents or the parents of this one party a character of high general combining ability,hybrid combination of matched by its effect value of this character will be very high.This finding also tells us that if we want to breed a variety with a good trait,we should choose the parents with a high general effect value for this trait to pair.4.The relation and path analysis of soluble sugar and main agronomic characters in sweet corn(1)the degree of correlation between the main characters and soluble sugar was ranked in order according to the size of the determination coefficient: plant height > spike length > spike position > stem thick > bald tip length > row grain number > axis weight > hundred grain weight > axis thick > spike row number > single spike weight > spike thick > scum ratio.(2)the direct effect of the main characters on the path coefficient of soluble sugar was in the order of absolute value: spike length > residue ratio > barren tip length > axis thickness > row weight > row grain weight > stem diameter > plant height > spike height > single spike weight > axis weight >spike position.5.The relation between protein and main characters of sweet corn and path analysis results(1)the degree of correlation between the main characters and protein was ranked in order according to the degree of determination coefficient: row grain number > peel residue rate > row number > row length > plant height > single spike weight > 100-grain weight > stem diameter > spike diameter > axial weight > axial weight > bald tip length.(2)the direct effect of the main characters and the path coefficient of the protein was ranked in absolute value: spike diameter > bald tip length > residue ratio > axis diameter > spike length > row grain number > single spike weight > stem diameter > row row > axis weight > 100-grain weight > spike height.