Growth Performance And Meat Quality Of Guanzhong Black Pig And Guansu Pig Comparative Study

Guanzhong black pig has good characteristics,including resistance to rough feeding,strong resistance to stress,good meat quality,good flavor,outstanding heterosis,etc.Guanzhong black pig,as a breed of pig that provides high-grade pork,it is loved and recognized by market consumers.However,in recent years,with the previous researching,it is found that due to the lack of systematic breeding,the main economic traits such as the reproductive performance of Guanzhong black pigs have declined to varying degrees.The Sutai pig is a new Chinese lean meat pig breed based on Taihu pigs,which not only maintains the high reproductive performance and flavor of local pig breeds,but also has the growth rate and thinness of foreign pig breeds.Therefore,Sutai pig is the ideal female parent for the production of lean pigs.In this experiment,Guanzhong black pig and Guansu pig(the combination of Sutai pig as the female parent and Guanzhong black pig as the male parent)were selected as the research object.The growth and development performance,fattening performance and carcass of the two groups of pigs were determined.Performance and meat quality,and analysis of muscle and adipose tissue morphology,and detection of real-time qPCR meat quality-related gene expression,in order to compare the hybridization effect of Guanzhong black pig and Sutai pig.The main results of this study shown in below:1.Comparison of growth and development performance: Body length of Guansu pig at 2 months old was significantly higher than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05);body weight,body length and body height of Guansu pig at 4 months old were significantly higher than those of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05),the chest depth was significantly higher than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.01);the body weight,body height,chest circumference,leg hip circumference and chest depth of Guansu pig were significantly higher than that of Guanzhong black pig at at 6 months old(P<0.05),the abdominal circumference was significantly higher than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.01).In general,the growth and development performance of Guansu pig during the fattening period is more advantageous than that of Guanzhong black pig.2.Comparison of fattening performance: The performances of Guansu pig,such as average daily gain,feed-to-meat ratio,growth rate and higher feed compensation,were significantly better than those of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05).3.Comparison of carcass performance: The fat rate of Guansu pig was significantly lower than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05),and the lean meat rate was improved compared with Guanzhong black pig.4.Meat quality performance comparison:(1)The shear force of Guansu pig muscle was significantly lower than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05),so Guansu pork was relatively tender.(2)The crude protein content of Guansu pig was higher than that of Guanzhong black pig,and the crude protein content in the longissimus dorsi muscle was significantly higher than that in Guanzhong black pig(P<0.01).The intramuscular fat content of Guansu pig was higher than that of Guanzhong black pig.Low,in which the intramuscular fat content of the semitendinosus was significantly lower than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05).(3)The total amino acid content in Guansu pig muscle was higher than that in Guanzhong black pig,but there was no significant difference among the amino acid components.(4)The content of polyunsaturated fatty acid of Guansu pig's semitendinosus was significantly higher than that in Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05),and the content of monounsaturated fatty acid was significantly lower than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05).(5)The area of the longissimus muscle fiber of Guansu pig was significantly smaller than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05);the fat cell surface of Guansu pig was significantly less than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.01),and the fat cell diameter was significantly smaller than that of Guanzhong black pig.(P<0.05).(6)The expression of LPL and FAS genes related to adipogenesis in the longissimus dorsi of Guansu pig was significantly lower than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05);The expression of PPAR?,FAS and SCD genes related to adipogenesis in the semitendinosus of Guansu pig was significantly lower than that of Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05).The expression of SCD gene related to subcutaneous fat and adipogenic fat in Guansu pig was significantly lower than that in Guanzhong black pig(P<0.05).In summary,the growth performance of Guansu pigs was significantly better than that of Guanzhong black pigs and the fat deposition ability was significantly lower than that of Guanzhong black pigs.The nutritional value of meat was improved,but the meat flavor is not as good as that of Guanzhong black pigs.