| The serious shortage of water resources,low fertilizer utilization rate,backward cultivation mode and too traditional fertilization method are the four important factors restricting the development of China's agriculture.Therefore,vigorously promote the fertilizer-saving and water-saving facilities agriculture that applies water-soluble fertilizer through water and fertilizer integration technology.It is the only way for us to move towards efficient agriculture.In this study,two major vegetable crops,cucumber and tomato,were studied.On the basis of fully summarizing the fertilizer requirements of cucumber and tomato in the facility,the soil nutrient content of Zhuanghang Town,Fengxian District,Shanghai was tested,and the nutrient content,solubility,acidity and alkalinity of the water-soluble fertilizer raw materials were comprehensively considered,and a large number of elements were finally selected.The water-soluble fertilizer raw material variety and the medium-quantity element water-soluble fertilizer raw material varieties are developed to produce water-soluble fertilizer.On the basis of unified base fertilizer,we set up three different fertilization treatments for cucumber and tomato in the facility: water-fertilizer integration technology,drip irrigation water-soluble fertilizer,large water flood irrigation compound fertilizer,and clear water flood irrigation control.The field trial was repeated 3 times for each treatment,and the test plot area was 65 m2.Data were collected from the cucumber and tomato fruiting period to the picking period,and the effect of water-soluble fertilizer on the yield and quality of the target vegetables was analyzed to test the fertilizer efficiency.The specific research results are as follows:(1)Select urea,industrial monoammonium phosphate,potassium dihydrogen phosphate,potassium nitrate,potassium sulfate,and EDTA-Fe,EDTA-Zn as raw materials for large-scale elemental water-soluble fertilizer;74% calcium chloride dihydrate and complex sugar alcohol are selected.A quantity of water soluble fertilizer raw materials.Finally,three large-scale elemental water-soluble fertilizer formulas(32-10-10+TE,12-6-42+TE,4-5-45+TE)and a medium-soluble water-soluble fertilizer formula(Ca: 160 g/L)were developed).The above water-soluble fertilizers are all in compliance with industry standards after being tested for nutrient content,solubility and p H,and can be fully applied to experimental research.(2)The yield of cucumber treated with water-soluble fertilizer through water-fertilizer integration technology increased by 6.2% compared with the yield of compound fertilizer applied by flood irrigation,and the effect was obvious;the soluble sugar content and Vc content of cucumber also increased.In terms of fertilizer application cost,although the cost of fertilizer for water-soluble fertilizer water and fertilizer integration is higher than the cost of applying compound fertilizer,the treatment of water-soluble fertilizer can significantly increase the yield and quality of cucumber,and the profit increase was 3.8%.(3)The yield of tomato treated with water-soluble fertilizer through water-fertilizer integration technology increased by 3.9% compared with the yield of compound fertilizer applied by flood irrigation,and the effect was obvious,and the profit increased by 3.3%.At the same time,the application of water-soluble fertilizer significantly increased the soluble sugar content,Vc content and lycopene content of tomato,and it indicated a significant effect on improving tomato quality.In summary,the development and production of water-soluble fertilizers based on the fertilizer requirements of crops and local soil conditions in facility vegetable production is a potential application method.The use of water-soluble fertilizer can not only improve crop yield and quality,but also significantly improve the economic benefits of agricultural products,increase farmers' income,and provide impetus for the development of ecological agriculture for weight loss and efficiency. |
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