| Northeastern is the genuine herbs region of ginseng,the researchers have conducted long-term and and deep research on ginseng of this region.Because of its variety of ginseng is complex and cultivated methods are different.It is imperative to study the prospects and quality of new varieties of ginseng.In order to optimize germplasm resources,increase production,and broaden market prospects,The thesi discovered the first model of ginseng cultivation in the solar greenhouse.Due to the wall outsourcing structure of this model,there is a better germplasm protection than traditional farmland.Each solar greenhouse is independent.It can isolate pollen effectively,to provid a basis for the studied of germplasm and provenance.However,there was a doubt about whether the solar greenhouse cultivation model has a negative impact on various indicators of ginseng.In this paper,ginseng from six germplasm sources in this region was selected,and the genetic variation of agronomic traits,physiological index,seed characteristics,genetic diversity,ginsenosides and amino acids were comprehensively determined.It was expected that the model of ginseng cultivation in solar greenhouse will be evaluated initially,and provide theoretical basis for the cultivation and breeding of new strain ginseng.The specific results were :1.The experiments carried out the quantitative genetics research on the eight main agronomic traits of six germplasm sources of ginseng which in the solar greenhouse cultivation mode for the first time,and based on this,the systematic cluster analysis of provenance was carried out.It was concluded that when breeding population selection is carried out in this area,the selection of stem plants of the part above ground should be improved under the premise of ensuring a large total leaf area.In the underground part,the selection of the main root thick plant should be improved while selecting the longer root plant.Among the selection of high-quality single plants of various strains,wild ginseng I and II showed higher breeding value and genetic gain.They had high breeding value and were suitable for solar greenhouse cultivation.2.The SOD,POD,CAT,MDA and chlorophyll contents of ginseng from six different germplasm sources in the greenhouse cultivation mode were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The results showed that the differences in planting strains between different germplasms in the greenhouse were large and the differences within the strains were small.The two wild ginseng strains had the highest physiological activity,but the standard deviation was larger.The panax ginseng strain had higher physiological activity and smaller standard deviation;the flatland ginseng strain had the lowest activity and the standard deviation was small.It was concluded that the physiological indexes of ginseng cultivated in different germplasms in greenhouses were significantly different.The enzyme activity indexes of wild ginseng strains were superior to other germplasms,had strong resistance to stress,and had physiological basis for applying new cultivation models.3.In the experiment,the seed vigor and prolamin of six different germplasm sources of ginseng in the greenhouse cultivation mode were measured and evaluated.The results showed that from the physiological indicators and prolamine,wild ginseng II has strong stress resistance and high protein content,but there were problems of low rip rate,embryo rate and low seed viability.The data measured by the experiment showed a high and stable trend,indicating that the tested germplasm was more suitable for the solar greenhouse cultivation mode.4.In the experiment,the DNA polymorphism analysis and cluster analysis of six germplasm sources of ginseng in the greenhouse cultivation mode were carried out.It was concluded that ginseng from different germplasm sources has rich genetic diversity and a part of shared genetic basis.Wild ginseng II shows a richer genetic diversity than other strains,and was far from other strains;Wild ginseng I was closely related to panax ginseng II and two flatland ginseng strains,and the genetic diversity of two flatland ginseng strains was relatively low;and panax ginseng II and the Maya strains had a long genetic distance and were rich in genetic diversity.In the experiment,The cluster analysis map obtained from the gel electrophoresis map in the experiment was consistent with the cluster analysis map derived from the quantitative genetics in Experiment 1.5.The four-year-old ginseng from six germplasm sources in the greenhouse cultivation mode was used to extract 20 kinds of monomer saponins by HPLC.The amino acid content of 16 kinds of ginseng was determined by amino acid automatic analyzer.It can be seen from the results of 20 kinds of monomeric saponins that the tested ginseng reached the Chinese Pharmacopoeia standard.Among them,the wild ginseng I’s total sum of saponins was significantly higher than other strains.The total saponin content of wild ginseng II was second to wild ginseng I.The difference of most saponins content between panax ginseng and flatland ginseng was not significant.The overall trend was panax ginseng strains > flatland ginseng strains.The saponin content indicates that the model of ginseng cultivation in solar greenhouse was reasonable,and the wild ginseng strain has high numerical performance,which has the value of in-depth research and promotion.From the results of 16 kinds of amino acids,the total amino acid content of each line was as follows: wild ginseng I > wild ginseng II > panax ginseng II > panax ginseng I > flatland ginseng II > flatland ginseng I.The difference between the total addition value of the panax and the flatland Ginseng strains was not significant.The most amino acid content of wild ginseng I was significantly higher than other strains,and the total additive value was also significantly higher than other strains.It has the basis for promoting the drug and food homologous productization of ginseng. |
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