Effects Of Plant Additives On The Regulation Of Growth Performance In Xiang Pig

In this paper,fifty Congjiang Xiang pigs with similar body weight and consanguinity were randomly divided into four groups with 10 pigs in each group.The conpound plant feed additives were prepared by using seven compositions,which were pine needle,mulberry leaf,mint,houttuynia,astragalus,isatis root and hawthorn with 3:2:1:1:1:1:1 proportion.The content of plant additives was supplied with 0% in the control group,0.5% in group 1,1% in group 2 and 2% in group 3 in two periods of 90 and 180 days.At each feeding period of 90 and 180 days,three pigs in each group were randomly slaughtered,and the growth index,slaughter index,content of amino acid and fatty acid in the longissimus dorsi muscle,serum physicochemical index and immune index were measured respectively.The effects of plant additives on the growth,physiology,biochemistry and slaughtering performance of Xiang pigs were compared between two feeding periods.The main results are as follows:1.Principal effect analysis on the feeding period of pigThe bone weight,relative liver weight and lung weight,and large intestine weight at 90 days were significantly higher than that at 180 days(P < 0 05).The fatty acid content of C18: 0(P < 0.01)and C18:3(P < 0.05)were significantly higher than that at 180 days.Phosphorus ion together with IgG IgA contents at 90 days were significantly higher than those at 180 days.The slaughtering rate of 180 days was higher than 90 days(P < 0.01),and the brightness and dripping loss of meat color at180 days were higher than those at 90 days(P < 0.05).The levels of C14:0 and C16:1at 180 days were higher than that at 90 days(P < 0.01,P < 0.05).The blood indexes of ALT,TP and calcium ions at 180 days were significantly higher than those at 90days(P < 0.01),and ALB,TG and sodium ions at 180 days were significantly higher than those at 90 days(P < 0 05).2.Principal effect analysis on the additive proportionThe lean meat percentage of Xiang pig at group 3 was significantly higher thanthat of group 1(P < 0.05),and extremely significantly higher than that of control group(P < 0.01).The slaughter rate of 3 group 3 was significantly higher than that of group 2,pH24 h levels in control group and group 2 were significantly lower than that of 3 group 3,pH45 min value of group 1 was significantly higher than that of control group and group 2.The total amounts of amino acids in group 1,2 and 3 were significantly higher than that in control group,and the necessary amino acids and fresh amino acids in group 1 were significantly higher than those in control group(P< 0.05).Asp content in control group was significantly lower than that in group 1,2and 3,in which the content in group 2 was the highest.Thr content in group 3 was significantly higher than that in control group(P < 0.05).Ala level in group 1 was significantly higher than that in control group.Tyr contents in three groups were significantly higher than that in control group(P < 0.05).His content in group 2 was significantly higher than that in control group and group 3(P < 0.05).The levels of Lys in three groups were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.05).For the fatty acid index,content of C20:4 in group 3 was significantly higher than that in group 2(P < 0.05).3.Interactive analysis between the additives proportion and the feeding periodIn the organ index,the relative spleen weight was affected by the feeding period and the additives proportion(P < 0.05).Conclusion: The relative spleen weight of Xiang pigs was significantly affected by the feeding periods and the additives proportions.The lean meat rate,the pH value and amino acid content in longissimus dorsi muscle were significantly changed by the plant additives supply,in which the best effects on the growth performance was supplied with 2% plant additive for 180 days in Xiang pigs.