Effect Of N-acetylcysteine On The Conception Rate Of Nubian Goats

The loss of embryos in early pregnancy is a complication both in humans and animals.N-acetylcysteine?NAC?has been found to enhance oocyte survival.However,little is known about whether NAC supplementation in early pregnancy improves the attachment and development of early pregnancy embryos and thus increases the conception rate.In this study,234 Nubian goats ewes were used as the research object,and PG+PG,sponge suppository+PG,sponge suppository+PMSG,sponge suppository+PMSG+PG program were used to perform to estrus synchronization.Using the sponge suppository+PG program,the 60 multiparous goats were treated by the estrus synchronization program,and some of them 48 ewes were estrus and subjected to cervical artificial insemination?AI?with fresh semen.The day after insemination,the ewes were randomly divided into 3 groups,of which 2 groups of ewes were fed with 0.03%and 0.07%NAC for feeding,and continued feeding until the 30th day.On the 15th day and the 30th day of feeding,0.07%NAC blood samples were collected for the detection of E₂,P₄,NO and glutamic acid,ornithine,arginine and proline concentrations in serum,and uterine horn tissue was collected for Transcriptome sequencing analysis and qPCR validation,all of which are to explore the effect of NAC on the conception rate of goats in early pregnancy.The research results are as follows:Using the estrus synchronization rate,21-day return rate after AI?artificial insemination?,the 24 h estrus synchronization rate,cost four indicators to comprehensively compare the four methods of simultaneous estrus programs,it is found that PG+PG has simple operation,low cost and good effect,which is conducive to the promotion and application of production practice and that the sponge suppository+PG method is effective and stable,and is the preferred choice for conducting experimental research.The time of estrus of the four programs is mainly concentrated between 25 and48 h after the completion of the treatment,suggesting that the best time for insemination in winter can be carried out between 25 and 48 h after the completion of the treatment.In the spring,the sponge suppository+PG treatment effect is better than the winter.0.07%NAC group compared with the control group,concentrations of serum NO on days 15 and 30 of gestation were increased.On both day 15 and day 30 of gestation,concentrations of serum estradiol and progesterone did not differ between the 0.07%NAC group and control groups,but the trend of estradio is elevated,the opposite of progesterone.On the 15th day of gestation,serum concentrations of glutamate,Arg,and Pro were higher respectively,in ewes fed the 0.07%NAC supplemented diet than in ewes fed the control diet,but the trend of ornithine is reversed.Similarly,on the 30th day of gestation,serum concentrations of glutamate,ornithine,Arg,and Pro were higher respectively,in ewes fed the 0.07%NAC supplemented diet than in ewes fed the control diet.The statistics on litter size indicate that compared with the control group,0.03%and0.07%dietary NAC supplementation during early gestation increased the number of total fetusesper litter?viable fetuses per litter?by 0.25 and 0.33,respectively.On the 15th day and 30th of NAC feeding,0.07%NAC group compared with the control group,a total of 277 gene expression levels were significantly changed,of which96 were up-regulated and 181 were down-regulated.Differential genes are mainly involved in HIF-1 signaling pathway,complement and coagulation cascades,mTOR signaling pathway,arachidonic acid metabolism,IL-17 signaling pathway,p53 signaling pathway and other immune-related signaling pathways,and TGF-beta signaling pathway,oxytocin signaling pathway,steroid biosynthesis,hedgehog signaling pathway,wnt signaling pathway,cholesterol metabolism,progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation and other reproductive-related signaling pathways.The top 10 genes of up-regulated or down-regulated differential genes of all reproductive and inflammation-related were listed,including 0.07%NAC group VS Control on 15th day and 30th day,and select 6 of them for qPCR verification,and the results are consistent with the sequencing results.