Research On The Podding Of Mung Bean Flowering Pods And The Accumulation Of Substance In Grain Forming Process

Mung bean is rich in nutrients and has the same medical and food resources.It is an important resource for the development of modern green health food.It plays an important role in the adjustment of agricultural planting structure and the development of high-yield,high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture.Therefore,it is important to strengthen the flowering and pod-forming habits of mung bean and the material transport and accumulation of grain,and to determine the regularity and key period of mung bean grain yield and quality,which is important for research and promotion of effective field management measures and improvement of mung bean yield and quality.In this paper,the mung bean variety Xilv 1 and Anlv 7 were used as materials to study the transfer of dry matter of mung bean after sowing,the pod habit of mung bean flowering and the material formation during grain formation.Accumulating the law,the following important results are obtained:(1)With the advancement of the growth process,the root length,stem length,secondary root number,root dry weight,stem weight and leaf dry weight of mung bean seedlings showed an increasing trend;the dry matter transfer rate and conversion rate of the seeds continued to increase.Increase,the distribution ratio of roots,stems and leaves after sowing increased,and the distribution to the upper part of the ground was greater than that of the lower part,which showed that the increase of stem dry weight was greater than the increase of root dry weight until the remaining leaves were left.Falling(about 9-11 days after sowing),the dry matter of the grain contributes to the growth of the seedling,and the mung bean seedling enters the stage of complete self-nutrition growth.The rate of dry matter transfer y and the number of days after sowing x of mung bean were found.has a functional relationship of y=-2.0187x~2+31.992x-29.161(R~2=0.973).(2)The total flowering period of summer sowing mung beans lasts for about 40 days,and the initial flowering nodes are concentrated in the 6th-8th section of the main stem.The flowering order first blooms in the middle node of the main stem,and then gradually expands upwards and downwards to the lower part of the 1-2 nodes.The branching of the nodes begins to flower,and then the upper and lower nodes of the main stem are all flowering,and then the upper node of the main stem gradually rises to the top.The flowering number of each node in each plant was as follows:the lower branch of the main stem>the upper part of the main stem>the middle stem of the main stem>the top of the main stem.At the beginning of flowering,the central part of the main stem flowering lasted for 2-4 days;the lower node branch and the upper part of the main stem flowered at the upper flowering stage,the difference between the two varieties was longer;the lower node branch and the main stem were in the final flowering stage.Up to the top node flowering,but mainly located in the lower branch of the main stem,lasting 9-13 days;the second flowering and the final flowering period,the average daily flowering per plant is lower than the first flowering period,the node The distribution is similar to the first one.The average pod per pod rate was about 65%.The rate of pod formation in the lower part of the main stem was the highest,and the pod rate in the top node was the lowest.(3)After the flowering of mung bean,the pod length and pod width showed a tendency to increase first and then stabilized after flowering;the grain length and grain width increased first and then decreased slightly and then stabilized;pod volume and grain The volume first increases and then decreases and then stabilizes;the grain moisture content shows a downward trend.In the early stage,the dry matter distribution index was>shell,grain at maturity>pod;the process of increasing dry weight of grain showed an"S"curve,and 10-15 days after flowering was the key period of grain weight gain.The grain filling rate showed a single-peak curve,and the peak filling rate appeared about 15 days after flowering.The logistic equation was used to fit it.Correlation analysis showed that the dry weight of 100 grains of mung bean was significantly positively correlated with the dry weight,grain length,grain width and pod length of the seed,and was significantly positively correlated with the fresh weight,pod volume and pod width.(4)During the formation of mung bean grains,the content of crude protein decreased,and the content of each component was albumin>gluten>globulin>prolamin.With the increase of days after flowering,the albumin content increased gradually,gluten,The globulin increased first and then decreased,and the prolamin decreased.The content of crude fat increased first and then decreased.The total starch accumulation increased rapidly and then slowed down,and both linear and amylopectin increased.Total phenol,The accumulation of total flavonoids first decreased rapidly and then stabilized.The comprehensive analysis indicated that the large-grain varieties with relatively concentrated flowering and pod-forming should be selected and promoted in the production of mung bean.The cultivation should pay attention to the supply of fertilizer and water in the key period of 10-15 days after flowering,and foliar spray fertilizer can be used in the early flowering period to prevent pests and diseases.In order to extend the functional period of the leaves,promote the coordination of source and sink,increase the rate of pod formation,and promote the filling of grain,and realize the high yield and quality of mung bean from the aspects of variety selection and cultivation measures.