| Copper is one of the trace elements with many physiological functions in animals,which plays a role in hemoglobin formation,drug metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,catecholamine biosynthesis,and antioxidant defense mechanisms.The copper transportation is essential for homeostasis and balance in animals.The intake,absorption,transportation and excretion of copper are complex and affected by copper level in diet.Feeding sheep and goats,this study obsevered copper levels in blood,urine and kidneys,the relative expression of mRNA and copper transportation in kidneys to explore their effects on organisms of sheep and goats,which will lay a theoretical basis for future research.1 Experiment 1: Effects on copper levels on blood enzyme,mRNA and protein expression of copper kidney transportation in sheep.Complete randomization design is used in this experiment.15 sheep were divided into three groups.Each group was five which repeated one.Groups were sCu0 group(basal diet group),group sCu10(basal diet added 10mg/kg? DM five water copper sulfate),and group sCu25(basal diet added 25mg/kg? DM five water copper sulfate).The experiment consumed 60 days;serum,kidney and urine samples were collected on last day.To test copper content in serum,ceruloplasmin and enzyme activity,mRNA and protein expression on copper transportation.The activity of CP,ALP and CuZn-SOD was correlated and the results were significant on dietary copper in sheep serum(P<0.05).The copper content in serum was not significant(P>0.05).Copper content in kidney and urine increased with increasing copper level.The copper content in sheep kidneys and urine of sCu25 group was significantly higher that in others(P<0.05).The expression of CTR1 mRNA and protein in sCu10 group firstly increased and then decreased by copper level,which was significantly higher that in other groups.the mRNA and protein expression of ATP7 B and MT showed correlation with copper level,and the correlated result of sCu25 was significantly higher that of group sCu0(P<0.05).Dietary copper level at 10mg/kg could help copper transportation in sheep kidneys,whereas copper level at 25mg/kg could inhibit copper transportation.2 Experiment 2: Effects on copper levels on blood enzyme,mRNA and protein expression of copper transportation in goats.Complete randomization design was used in this experiment.Fifteen goats were divided into three groups.including group gCu0(basal diet group),group gCu25(basal diet added 25mg/kg ?DM five water copper sulfate)and group gCu100(basal diet added 100mg/kg ?DM five water copper sulfate)Each group was five,which repeated one.The experiment consumed 60 days.Serum,kidneys and urine were collected at sixtieth day to test copper content in serum,ceruloplasmin and enzyme activity,mRNA and protein expression of copper transportation.Activity of CP serum increased firstly and then decreased with increasing copper levels in goats.The activity of ALP and CuZn-SOD in group gCu100 was correlated with dietary copper level which was significantly higher than others(P<0.05).Copper content in serum,kidneys and urine were correlated with copper levels.The copper content in kidney and urine of group gCu100 was significantly higher that in others(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of CTR1 in gCu25 group increased at first and then decreased with the increasing copper level which was significantly higher than others(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of ATP7 B and MT was correlated with copper level.gCu100 was significantly higher than gCu0(P<0.05).The results showed copper at 25mg/kg was helpful for kidneys transportation in goats,whereas copper at 100mg/kg was harmful for goats kidneys transportation.3 Experiment 3:Comparing the blood enzyme activities,mRNA and protein expression of copper transportation,and in sheep and goats kidneys.The activity of serum ALP in group sCu25 was significantly higher than that in group gCu25(P<0.05),and activity of serum CP in sCu25 group was significantly lower than that of group gCu25(P<0.05).In group sCu25,the copper content in kidneys and urine was significantly higher than that in group gCu25(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of CTR1 in group gCu25 were significantly higher than that of group sCu25(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of ATP7 B and MT in group gCu25 were significantly lower than that of group sCu25(P<0.05).In summary,addition at 10 to25mg/kg? DM cupric sulfate to diet can promote kidney function and copper transportation in sheep and goats.Addition at 25 to 100mg/kg? DM copper can inhibit copper transportation which is not conducive to absorption and transportation in kidneys. |
