Accumulation Law On Total Alkaloids Of Uncaria Rhynchophylla

Uncaria rhynchophylla is an important Chinese medicinal medicinal.Of which the alkaloids are the main active pharmacological omponents.The natural environment has an important impact on the quality of their medicinal materials.Thus,in this study,U.rhynchophylla with different growth years from different growing areas was studies by paraffin sectioning,alkaloid histichemical localization and content determination.We explored the dynamic changes of nutrient organ structure,total alkaloid content of U.rhynchophylla.In addition,the effects of temperature,precipitation,altitude and soil on the accumulation of total alkaloids in U.rhynchophylla were also investigated.Which can help us to determine the harvest site and suitable harvest time of U.rhynchophylla.The results were as follows:1.The tissue structure and total alkaloid distribution and content of vegetative organs of U.rhynchophylla were studied by paraffin section and histochemical localization method.The results showed that the secondary structure of U.rhynchophylla was developed,mainly composed of pericarp and vascular column,and its phloem ray showed obvious trumpet shape;the stem consisted of epidermis,cortex and vascular column,and the vascular ray were arranged neatly.The epidermis contains a small amount of chloroplasts;the leaves were composed of epidermis,mesophyll cells and veins.The mesophyll cells differentiated into palisade and sponge tissues,and the secondary veins were underdeveloped;the hooks were derived from the metamorphosis of the branches,and the anatomical structures were the same as the stems.The whole plant of U.rhynchophylla has alkaloids,which was mainly distributed in phloem,xylem,mesophyll cells and some parenchyma cells.In August,alkaloids will transfer from phloem to xylem and accumulate.The average total alkaloid content of roots and stems showed phloem > xylem.2.Total alkaloids in the aerial vegetative organs of U.rhynchophylla,which grew different years,were determined by acid dye colorimetry in different counties.The alkaloidtransport and source-sink relationship were inferred through the rhynchophylline content changing trend,and aimed to reveal accumulation rule of the total alkaloids.The results showed that the peak total alkaloid content of vegetative organs in the aerial part of U.rhynchophylla was mainly concentrated in June-September and November,and the average alkaloid content in March-December showed stem>branche>hook>leaf;The accumulation of total alkaloids in the aboveground vegetative organs was gradually increased in the vegetative growth period,and decreased in the middle and late stages of reproductive growth.3.The total alkaloids of three-years-old U.rhynchophylla from different planting bases were determined by acid dye colorimetry method,and the effects of environment on alkaloids accumulation were discussed.The results showed that the change trend of temperature and precipitation of different planting bases were the same,which increased first and then decreased.The soil fertility of each planting base is Changshun base > Danzhai base > Huaxi base > Pingba base;the altitudes of each planting base are Changshun base 1020~1070 m,Danzhai base 820~830 m,Huaxi base 1145~1160 m Pingba base 1230~1240 m.The annual average content of total alkaloids in U.rhynchophylla stem was Changshun base >Danzhai base > Huaxi base > Pingba base,the annual average content of total alkaloids in U.rhynchophylla branch was Changshun base > Pingba base > Huaxi base > Danzhai base,and the annual average content of total alkaloids in leaves and hooks was Danzhai base > Huaxi base > Changshun base > Pingba base.In general,the accumulation of total alkaloids in U.rhynchophylla is affected by environmental factors,and it is suitable for planting in areas with an altitude of 800 m ~ 1100 m,a temperature of 11 ℃ ~ 25 ℃,an average annual precipitation of about 130 mm,and good soil fertility.