| Trametes suaveolens is a kind of annual large-scale medicinal fungus,which were distributed in Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning,Shanxi,Anhui,Yunnan and other areas in China and grown in poplar and willow.In this paper we made a series of herbal textual research on T.suaveolens and "Baizhi",at the same time,related to the lung research from T.suaveolens were neglected,so the study was also on the active ingredients and pharmacological activities of lung research from T.suaveolens.In the overview,the present research status of T.suaveolens and the methods of pharmacological experiments of relieving cough and reducing sputum and antianoxia are summarized and analyzed.The research content is divided into five parts that are herbal textual research,biological characteristics,GC-MS analysis,antioxidant activity and relieving cough and reducing sputum and anti-hypoxia activities of T.suaveolens.In part one,we made a herbal textual research on the T.suaveolens,we firstly studied on the designation,geographical distribution,morphological characteristics and medicinal efficacy of "Baizhi" in ancient time.According to the characteristics of "Baizhi" in all previous dynasties materia medica documented,we put a herbal textual research with T.suaveolens for the designation,distribution,morphological characteristics and medicinal efficacy,at the same time Fomitopsis officinalis Piptoporus betulinus and Ganoderma leucocontextum which maybe " Baizhi " are studied and found the difference with "Baizhi",we could made the conclusion that the ancient "Baizhi" was the same fungi species as T.suaveolens of Polyporaceae.In part two,we made a biological characteristics of T.suaveolens,The effects of different temperature,initial pH,carbon source and nitrogen source on the growth of mycelium under the solid condition were studied.A single factor experiment was conducted on the above four factors,and three optimal levels were selected for orthogonal test.The results showed that the optimum growth temperature is 28 ℃,the optimal initial pH is 5,the optimal carbon source is glucose and the optimum nitrogen source is beef paste of T.suaveolens.In part three,we describe the GC-MC analysis of the extract from T.suaveolens.we respectively made the component analysis of GC-MS,which include the fruiting body of T.suaveolens,liquid fermentation medium,liquid fermented bacteria liquid,petroleum ether extract,water extract and volatile oil composition.The results showed that the fruiting body of T.suaveolens contains a variety of substances,among them Dibutyl phthalate was the highest content,followed by Methyl4-methoxyben-zoate,and the main component in the extraction are lipids,of which the most content is Dibutyl phthalate.In part four,we describe the antioxidant activity and research on pharmacological activity of relieving cough and sputum of T.suaveolens.With fruiting body of T.suaveolens as material,used refluxing extraction to respectively receive the extraction of petroleum ether,dichloromethane,ethyl acetate and methanol extract and receive the water extracts with water decociong method.Evaluation of antioxidant activity of extracts from DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging rates.At the same time,high-concentration ammonia inducing coughing method,phenol red excretion method,have been adopted for investigating pharmacological action of T.suaveolens fruiting body with petroleum ether and water extract on relieving cough,eliminating sputum.The male mice were randomly divided into 8 grouped or 9 groups(10 rats in each group).Physiological saline was treated as negative control,and “gui long ke chuan ning”(a mixture of Chinese herbal medicine)and codeine were treated as positive control.The low,moderate and high dose T.suaveolens petroleum ether extract treatment groups,and low,moderate and high dose T.suaveolens water extract treatment groups were set up.The measurement indicators of mice include frequency of suppress cough,antitussive activity(%),excretion volume of phenol red,dissipating phlegm rate(%).The results of antioxidant activity showed that the extracts have the ability to remove DPPH and ABTS free radicals and present quantitative effect relationship within a certain range.The strongest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability was methanol extract.In the meantime the results of relieving cough and sputum showed that all groups could prolong the incubation period of cough and reduce the number of coughs in 2 min except of the low dose group of T.suaveolens petroleum ether extracts.At the same time,the medium group of petroleum ether extract and water extracts could significantly improve the content of phenol red,correction content of phenol red,and improve the rate of phlegm in mice.In part five,we did the research on pharmacological activity of anti-hypoxia activities.In the light of different polar extracts of T.suaveolens,a series of methods have been adopted,which include hypoxia tolerance method under normal pressure,confront sodium nitrite toxic anoxic method and myocardial ischemic hypoxia method.The male mice were randomly divided into 7 grouped(10 rats in each group),which were negative control group,the low dose group of T.suaveolens petroleum ether extracts,medium,high,the low dose group of T.suaveolens water extracts,medium,high.The measurement indicators of mice include survival period of hypoxia tolerance under normal pressure,survival period of nitrite poisoning,survival period of acute cerebral hypoxia and the content of SOD,MDA,IL-2,IL-4 and IgG in serum.The results showed that both the high dose group of T.suaveolens petroleum ether extracts,and the medium and high dose group of water extracts could prolong the survival period under acute cerebral ischemia,increase the content of SOD,IL-2,IL-4,IgG and reduce the content of MDA,at the same time,all groups of water extracts could prolong the survival period under normal pressure and the high dose of water extracts could prolong the survival period of toxic cerebral ischemia. |
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