| The ophiopogonis radixi is the dry root of O.japonicus(L.f)Ker-Gawl,which is mainly distributed in Sichuan,Zhejiang and other provinces.Santaicounty as the authentic production area of ophiopogonis radixi the largest planting base at home and abroad.According to the investigation,the ophiopogonis radix planting area has reached tens of thousands of mu,and yield has reached nearly ten thousand tons.To study the effect of rhizosphere soil factors on the quality of the ophiopogonis radix,this study collected ophiopogonis radix and rhizosphere soil form different planting areas,and measured the medicinalquality indicator and rhizospheric soil chemical properties.Then this researchevaluated the quality of ophiopogonis radix,expiored the relationshipbetween the activeingredients of ophiopogonis radix and its cultivatingrhizospheric soil factors,and then screened the main soil factors affecting the medicinal quality.In the end,this survey may provide theoretical basis for the quality evaluation,exploitation and protection of the medicinal materials resources.The main results were as follows:1 The plant agronomic traits of O.japonicusThere were differences in O.japonicus plant agronomic traits,and the variation coefficient was 6.64% to 27.19%.The average number of plant leaves was 74.17,the leaf length was 28.09 cm,the leaf width was 0.39 cm,the tiller number was 3.95,the fresh leaf weigth was 10.89 g,the number of fibrous roots was 19.23,the root length was 18.33 cm,the fresh fibrous root weight was 4.55 g,the root number was10.05,the single plant was 2.71 g,the grain weight was 0.28 g,and the drying rate was 39.22%.The correlation analysis showed that the relationship between the single plant and the leaf numebr,leaf length,the number of fibrous roots,the fresh fibrous root weight was significantly positive,meanwhilethe relationshipbetween the single plant and the fresh leaf weigth,root number wasvery significantly positive.The determination coefficient of the root number and the root length screened out by multiple linear regression analysis on production model was 0.749.2 The contents of main chemical constituents and inorganic elementsThe contents of mainactive constituents in ophiopogonis radix were in line with the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia"(2015).The average content of the total ash in 29 samples was 2.37%,which was much lower than the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia qualification requirement.The average content of extracts and total saponins in samples was 81.58%and 1.81%,which were much higher than the current Chinese pharmacopoeia.The average content of polysaccharide in ophiopogonis radix was 36.92%.The average content of main secondary metabolites was ophiopogonin D > ophiopogonin D’ >methylophiopogonanone A > methylophiopogonanone B > ophiopogonaone E >ophiopogonaone C>methylophiopogonone A from high to low respectively.Correlation analysis showed that there was correlation between the main active components in ophiopogonis radix.The results showed that thecontents of Ca,P,K,Mg,Fe and Al were abundant,while the contents of Co,Hg,Se,Si,Sn and V were not detected or below the detection limit in ophiopogonis radix.But it’s important to emphasize that the content of Cd was above the Standard of WM/T2-2004 in three samples.And there were some correlations among the inorganic elements in ophiopogonis radix.3 Quality evaluation of ophiopogonis radixThere were obvious differences in the quality of the samples.In terms of the yield and main active constituents,the samples with high contents of isoflavones,Ophiopogonin D and polysaccharides had relatively superior overall quality.The quality of the 17 th,7th and 15 th samples was superior,but the 1th,11 th,23th,6th and 12 thwas relatively poor.All samples form Licheng and Zhengsheng towns,56% samples form huayuan town,50%samples form Lingxing and Laoma towns,33% samples form Liuying town were of excellent quality.In terms of the content of inorganic elements,The quality of 8th,9th and 22 th samples was superior,but the 19 th,18th and 17 was relatively poor.On the whole,all the samples form Licheng and Lhengsheng towns,66% samples form Liuying town and 56%samples form Huayuan town were of excellent quality,but The remaining 14 samples were of poor quality.4 The rhizosphere soil characeristics of ophiopogonis radixThe results showed that the synthetic fertility index was between 1.23 and 2.04 in Santai county.The numbers of different planting areas with general level and fecund level occupied 68.97% and 31.04%.The mean fertility index of each soil property was in the order of total phosphorus > available phosphorus > p H > total k > organic matter >available K>total nitrogen>available nitrogen.The synthetic fertility index in different towns was in the order of Laoma > Huayuan > Lingxing > Licheng > Liuying >Zhengsheng.The synthetic fertility index of Laoma town was at the fecund level,Meanwhile others were at the general level.On the whole,the synthetic fertility index was in high level.And there were some problems such as organic matter,available K,total nitrogen,available nitrogen content was relatively low,p H value is low,So there was a larger space of the improvement of soil fertility.The results showed that the contents of K,Ca,Mn,Ti,Ba,Zn and Si were abundant,while the contents of Hg and Se were not detected or below the detection limitin ophiopogonis radix.All the soil samples had serious Cd exceeding standard phenomenon,the average content of Cd was over Soil Environmental Quality Standard Two except Cd,up to 6.72 times.And the content of Ni in most samples was also over the standard.So,This problem needed to be warned.And then there were some correlations among the inorganic elements in soil.5 The effects of rhizosphere soil characteristics on quality of ophiopogonis radixThere was a certain correlation between the yield,main chemical composition and soil characteristics.The results showed that,the yield not only had significant positive correlation with the soil p H value,but also had extreme negative correlation with the content of Cr in soil.Content of extractum in ophiopogonis radix had significant negative correlation with the contents of Mo and Sn in soil while the content of polysaccharide had significant positive correlation with the content of Sn in soil;total saponins had significant positive correlation with the contents of organic matter and Ni in soil while methylophiopogonanone A had significant positive correlation with the soil p H value and the content of As in soil and methylophiopogonanone B had significant positive correlation with the soil p H value and the contents of As,Cd,Co and Mn in soil.By stepwise regression analysis,the yield per plant was dominantly affected by thecontent of As in soil;And the content of extractum was dominantly affected by the contents of Cd and Sn in soil,while total saponins were affected by the contents of Ni,Mo,K and organic matter in soil,polysaccharide was dominantly affected by the content of Sn in soil and methylophiopogonanone A and B were affected by the soil p H value;Hence,the content of methylophiopogonone A was dominantly affected by the contents of As and available K.So,the soil p H value and the contents of available K、K、As、Cd、Cr、Mo、Ni、Sn may play important roles in the formation of the quality of ophiopogonis radix. |
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