Study On The Carcass And Growth Traits In Three-way Cross Of The Cattle

China is the third largest beef cattle producer in the world,with nearly 100 million cattle in stock.As we all know that the cattle are characterized by small size and low production performance.To improve the gowth and carcass production,a large number of foreign beef cattle breeds with fast growth and development,high slaughter rate and net meat rate were introduced in many areas of China,as male parents,and local cattle were crossbred and improved to obtain good cattle breeds with fast growth and good meat production performance,and it made a remarkable progress.The experimental animal is Xiaxiben hybrid cattle.The offspring of ternary crossbred cattle were crossed and fixed to breed Xiaxiben cattle.The growth and meat production performance of Xiaxiben hybrid cattle have been greatly improved.The results are as follows:(1)The growth performance of Xiaxiben hybrid cattle is higher,especially in the early stage.The body weight of adult bulls can reach 534.17 ±45.75 kg,body height 129.05 ±5.95 cm,chest circumference 197.63±8.31 cm,chest width 45.82 ±4.71 cm,tube circumference 21.99±2.03,leg circumference 66.13±8.52.(2)The slaughtering performance of Xiaxiben hybrid cattle was excellent.The carcass weight of Xiaxiben hybrid cattle was 277.26±35.48 kg,net meat weight was 232.6 ±32.13 kg,meat-bone ratio was 5.42:1,slaughter rate was 51.89±4.57,net meat rate was 43.48±3.97 and carcass meat yield was 83.84±3.15;and the head,hoof Xiaxiben hybrid cattle had good consistency with the other visceral weights.(3)The quality of Xiaxiben hybrid beef was very,especially the traits with smaller coefficient of variation.The muscle pH value was 6.59±0.3,the meat brightness was 29.25±1.9,the cooked meat rate was 54.47±1.58,and the backfat thickness was 6.94±0.4 mm.It is worth mentioning that the area of beef eye muscle reached 106.17±11.96 cm2,reaching the advanced level in China.From the physical and chemical composition,Xiaxiben hybrid beef is rich in nutrition;especially its crude protein content is 22.95%±0.4%.It meets the standard of high protein meat source.Its muscle fiber diameter is small,49.76±6.45 um,and its meat quality is palatable.(4)The results of subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissue test of Xiaxiben hybrid bovine showed that the diameter of perirenal adipocytes was 104.41±25.97 um,while that of subcutaneous adipocytes was 101.51±18.79 um,slightly smaller than that of perirenal adipocytes,but there was no significant difference between them(P > 0.05).There are 33 fatty acids in subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissue of Xiaxiben hybrid cattle,of which 15 are SFA,8 are MUFA and 10 are PUFA.Moreover,the ratio of PUFA/SFA and ω-3/ω-6 in subcutaneous adipose tissue was higher than that in perirenal adipose tissue,and the difference of PUFA/SFA was very significant(P<0.01),while the difference of ω-3/ω-6 was not significant(P>0.05).The above results show that the growth performance and meat production performance of Xiaxiben hybrid cattle have reached the advanced level of domestic beef cattle production,and it lays a foundation for constructing the modern breeding technology system of beef cattle in our country,especially in Sichuan,improving the breeding level of beef cattle in our province and accelerating the industrialization process,and plays a positive role in promoting farmers’ prosperity and the development of herbivorous animal husbandry.