Effects Of Deep-buried Straw And Drip Irrigation On Growth,Yield And Quality Of Autumn Tomato In Greenhouse

The application of deep straw burial not only eliminates the environmental problems caused by straw burning,but also can improve effectively soil structure,soil nutrient content,increase indoor CO₂concentration and soil temperature.The research on deep return of corn straw in energy-saving solar greenhouse under deficit irrigation is insufficient,and there is no reasonable management system suitable for greenhouse tomato cultivation in Liaoning.Through greenhouse plot experiment,The data was analyzed by variance analysis,principal component analysis and TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation.The effects of deep-buried straw and drip irrigation on tomato growth,physiological characteristics,quality,yield and irrigation water use efficiency were studied.A suitable management deep-buried straw amount and irrigation was acquired.This study provide theory for management of greenhouse solanaceous vegetable.The main results are as follows:?1?In 2016 and 2017,under the condition of deep-buried straw,the maximum of stem diameter and leaf area index appeared at the level of S1(1.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2).The stem diameter and leaf area index of deep-buried straw in the first year W₃?70%?_f?75%?_f?had the maximum value under different drip irrigation limits,and the stem thickness and leaf area index of deep-buried straw in the second year W₂?60%?_f?65%?_f?level.The area index has a maximum value.In the first year of deep-buried straw,the growth of tomato plant height was significantly improved at the level of deep-buried straw amount S₁(1.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2).At the same time,the maximum height of tomato plant was 172.7mm at the irrigation amount W₃?70%?_f?75%?_f?;in the second year,the maximum height of tomato plant was 175.8mm at the deep-buried straw amount S₃(4.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2)and drip irrigation amount W₃?70%theta field to 75%theta field?.Throughout the whole growth period of tomato,plant height and leaf area index in the first year of deep-buried straw were higher than those in the second year of deep-buried straw,regardless of the level of deep-buried straw and drip irrigation.There was no significant difference in stem diameter between the two years.?2?According to the results of two consecutive years'experiment,the effects of deep-buried straw and drip irrigation on transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate of tomato at different growth stages reached significant level,and the interaction between them had significant effects on net photosynthetic rate of tomato at flowering and fruit setting stage,fruiting stage and harvesting stage.On the whole,the transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate of Tomato in the second year of deep-buried straw were higher than those in the first year of deep-buried straw.In the first year of deep-buried straw treatment,S₁W₃(1.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2,70%?_f?75%?_f)and S₁W₂(1.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2,60%?_f?65%?_f)increased photosynthesis of tomato leaves and promoted the distribution of photosynthetic products.?3?The contents of vitamin C and lycopene in tomatoes in the second year of deep-buried straw?2017?were higher than those in the first year of deep-buried straw?2016?.In the two years,the highest contents of vitamin C and lycopene in tomatoes were 36.27mg·kg^-1,61.66%?2016?and 39.68 mg·kg^-1,68.51%?2017?.The coefficient of variation of transverse diameter of tomatoes in 2017 was less than that in 2016,indicating that the fruit type of tomatoes in 2017 was better.The content of titratable acid and soluble sugar did not differ much in the two years.?4?In the first year of deep-buried straw treatment,the yield and IWUE of deep-buried straw treatment were higher than those of non-deep-buried straw treatment.The maximum yields and IWUE of S₁W₃and S₁W₄treatments were 1.164×10⁵kg·hm^-2,1.111×10⁵kg·hm^-2,57.64 kg·m^-3and 57.73 kg·m^-3,respectively.In the second year of deep-buried straw,the total yield of tomato and IWUE increased by 4%and 14.4%respectively compared with the first year of deep-buried straw.After comprehensive analysis,this study recommended that the amount of deep-buried corn straw was 1.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2.In the first year of deep-buried corn straw,the water limit of drip irrigation ranged from 70%to 75%of the field water holding capacity?224.75 mm?,and in the second year,the water limit of drip irrigation ranged from 60%to 65%of the field water holding capacity?183.54 mm?,which could be used as a stable and stable yield for tomato production in greenhouse better treatment with water saving and high quality.