Adaptability Of 12 Raspberry Varieties In Xinjiang

[Objective]:Raspberry(Rubus spp)is a perennial shrub deciduous tree of the genus Rosaceae.It is known as the third generation of small berries.It is suitable for development in northeast,northwest and north China.However,it has not been cultivated in large areas in most areas.The scale of planting is mainly in the northeast region,and most of the fruit berries are exported abroad.With the improvement of people's living standards,the requirements for fruit diversification are getting higher and higher,but the market supply and demand among various fruits is extremely uneven.Among them,the large fruits represented by peaches,pears and apples have been used for a long time.The use of research,rapid development,the industry chain is very mature.The development of small berries started late,especially the development of raspberries is far less than the development speed of other small berries such as strawberries,blueberries,etc.The development and utilization are lagging behind,and there is a big market gap.Raspberry with excellent characteristics has great market potential in China.Due to its geographical latitude and unique climatic conditions,Xinjiang is the main suitable area for raspberries.There are wild raspberry distribution along the Yili River valley on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains.However,so far,large-scale and standardized cultivation is still rare.Most of the local main varieties are wild domesticated varieties,and there are problems such as low yield,inability to store and transport,and concentrated maturity.Therefore,new raspberry is developed in Urumqi.Introduce the excellent variety,observe its ecological adaptability in this area,and screen the excellent varieties suitable for planting in Xinjiang and even in the northwest of China,in order to enrich the resources of high quality raspberry cultivars in this ecological area,and according to the climatic conditions and consumption of this area.The demand provides a reference for the matching planting of different varieties and different modes.[Methods]:The experiment was carried out in the small berry base of the comprehensive test site of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in the northern suburbs of Urumqi in 2016-2018.The field biology and ecological survey methods were combined with the indoor test analysis method to cultivate the 12 introduced raspberry varieties.The experiment systematically investigated and analyzed the stress resistance,phenological period,shoot growth characteristics,fruit quality,fruiting ability,yield,storage traits and other indicators of each variety to understand the ecological response and growth and development of the introduced varieties in the ecological area.Its ecological adaptability.[Results]:(1)All the 12 raspberry varieties can grow normally in this area,and the results of flowering can successfully complete the whole growth period,and show strong disease resistance during the whole growth process.Strengthen water and fertilizer management and pruning measures during the growing season.Can not cover the soil and naturally winter.The thickening growth and long growth trend of the basal branches and the resulting branches are consistent,and have a close relationship with temperature.With the increase of temperature,the growth period is concentrated from early May to early June,and the growth of flowering period basically stops.After the flowering result of the summer fruit type,the basal branch has a short growth period.(2)In this ecological area,the introduction of 12 raspberry varieties compared with the introduced land,the growing season is prolonged,from shoot germination to fruit harvesting before the Heilongjiang region 10-15 days,the defoliation time is consistent.The fruit ripening time in this area staggered the peak period of the main domestic raspberry production area,ensuring stable prices.In this ecological type area,the fruit and heat resources are sufficient during the ripening period,and the rainfall is less,which is conducive to fruit harvesting and transportation,and is suitable for large-scale planting development.(3)Comprehensive evaluation,autumn fruit type Autumn Bliss,Hanmei,Yang 2 fruit length,high yield,strong plant growth,storage and transportation,can be combined with other summer fruit varieties planting extended harvest period,Fortide,Willamette,Autumn Bliss,and Honghai have good flavor,moderate hardness,high vitamin C content,strong growth,high yield,high fruit juice yield,and can be used as fresh food or processed varieties in summer,Hanmei is cold and sour taste,grain Large,flavor is acid,but the hardness is large,resistant to storage and transportation,high juice yield,can be promoted as processed varieties;Kyoto,Beijing 19 small fruit,poor fruiting capacity,low yield,is not recommended for planting in this area.