Study On The Technology Of Container Seedlings Of Calycanthus Floridus

Calycanthus floridus is a new species which is introduced and cultivated in China these years.As a bushes shrub,it blooms in summer.The comprehensive utilization value of C.floridus is high and its development prospect is broad.As a modern seedling technology of high-quality seedling,container nursery plays an important role in improving the quality,application and promotion of the plant breeding.Experiments were conducted in two phases by using different ages seedlings of C.floridus in this paper.The first experiment was conducted from March to November in 2016,which was a two-factor experiment of container size and matrix ratio by using C.floridus 1–0 seedlings as the experiment material and aimed to select the most appropriate combination through measuring morphological and physiological indicators.Three container sizes including 10cm×18cm,14cm×18cm and 18cm×18cm respectively named as A₁,A₂,A₃ and three growing mediums which were mixed with nursery soil,peat and perlite in proportions of 1:0:0,2:1:1 and 1:2:1,respectively named as B₁,B₂,B₃ were designed.The second experiment was conducted from March to November in 2017,which was a two-factor experiment of density and nitrogen application rate by using C.floridus 1–1 seedlings as the experiment material and aimed to study the effect of two factors on the growth and nutrient absorption of C.floridus and to select the most appropriate combination through measuring morphological,physiological and nutrient content indicators.Three densities including 5cm×5cm,15cm×10cm and 30cm×20cm respectively named as M₁,M₂,M₃ and five nitrogen application rates including 0mg.plant^-1;276mg.plant^-1;414mg.plant^-1;552mg.plant^-1;690mg.plant^-1respectively named as N₁,N₂,N₃,N₄,N₅ were designed.The main findings are as follows:First.In the experiment of container sizes and matrix ratio,the effect of two factors on all indexes is significant and their interaction has significant effect on height,ratio of height to diameter,dry weight of root,total dry weight of per plant and quality index.Besides,the effect of container size is higher than the matrix ratio.Increasing the size of container and the volume of peat appropriately,the growth amount,quality indexes and tillers of C.floridus will increase correspondingly.It turned out that A₁B₁ is the worst which has the smallest comprehensive assessment value,0.016.Meanwhile,the quality of seedling under A₃B₃ treatment is the best which height is 76.60cm,ground diameter is 7.87mm,total dry weight is 18.8g,quality index is1.83 and the total chlorophyll content,soluble sugar and soluble protein content are 2.21mg.g^-1,3.78%,10.83mg.g^-11 respectively.Followed by are the treatment of A₃B₂ and A₂B₃,the comprehensive assessment value of former is 0.052 and the latter is 0.049.Second.In the experiment of densities and nitrogen application rate,two factors have significant effect on morphological,physiological and nutrient content indicators and their interaction also has some significant effect.In addition,the effect of densities is higher than the nitrogen application rate except nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient index.The experiment shows that when increasing the distance between plants and the amount of nitrogen appropriately,the growth amount,quality indexes and nutrient content of C.floridus will increase correspondingly.It turned out that M₂N₄ is the best one which has the biggest comprehensive assessment value,0.057.It has the biggest indexes including ground diameter,tillers,dry weight of root,dry weight of leaf and total dry weight of per plant,root volume,the numbers of lateral roots,the length of the main root and quality index which is 4.02mm,1.92,29.55g,12.42g,56.81g,82.1cm³,19.12,14.28cm,18.66 respectively.The amounts of nitrogen accumulation of aboveground and per plant are the highest,which are 252.20 mg·plant^-1,473.65 mg·plant^-1 respectively.M₂N₃treatment arrange second and the value of it is 0.049.Followed by are the treatments of M₂N₅,M₃N₃,which have the same comprehensive assessment value,0.047.It indicates that there is an interaction between density and nitrogen application and when increase the amount of nitrogen,the space can be saved and vice versa.Choice can be maked neatly based on actual conditions.