Research On Therapeutic Effect Of Fat In Camel Milk On Rheumatoid Arthritis

Camel milk is rich in vitamins,active proteins,peptides and unsaturated fatty acids.In recent years,polyunsaturated fatty acids have attracted extensive attention and have been considered as important components of the brain and nervous system.Camel milk is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids,which have great significance in preventing the occurrence of cardiovascular disease,cancer,tumor,rheumatoid arthritis,etc.The types and contents of fatty acids in the milk of camel,cow and goat were detected and compared by gas chromatography.Moreover,the therapeutic effects of camel milk fat on rheumatoid arthritis rat model were investigated.The CIA arthritis rats model was established by hypodermic injection of the mixture of cattle II protein and freund's complete adjuvant in female Wistar rats.After the model was successfully established,these rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,Voltaren treated group and camel milk fat treated group.Through 4 weeks of daubing treatment by fat in camel milk,the weight,swelling degree of hind foot and viscera index of rats were measured,the pathological changes of synovial sections were observed,X-ray,the concentration of inflammatory cells in serum and the mRNA level of some genes in synovial tissues were observed by Quantitative Real-time PCR.The main results are as follows:(1)There are significant differences in the types and contents of fatty acids among the three kinds of milk.There are 33 fatty acids were detected in the camel milk,and the richest one was the palmitic acid accounting for 23.73±2.17%.The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acid in camel milk was 4.09±0.54%higher than that in cow and goat milk.There are 29 fatty acids were detected in cow milk,and the palmitic acid content was the highest accounting for 27.44±2.45%;34 kinds of fatty acids were detected in goat milk,and the highest one was oleic acid accounting for 30.89±3.57%.The content of monounsaturated fatty acid in goat milk was highest in these 3 kinds of milk,and account for 35.26±3.86%.In addition,the fatty acid content in camel milk was further analyzed in combination with principal component analysis and correlation analysis.The results showed that the S:M:P=1:0.60:0.08 in camel milk,which is closer to the S:M:P=1:1:1 recommended by FAO/WHO.PUFA was negatively correlated with SCFA and LCFA,and had the highest correlation with n-6FA(0.978);SCFA was positively correlated with LCFA,and n-6FA was positively correlated with n-3FA.(2)After treatment with camel milk fat,the body weight of rats increased significantly,the paw swelling decreased significantly(p<0.05);the joint space and bone erosion recovered obviously.In the synovial tissue,the inflammatory cells decreased,and the new cells increased.The content of inflammatory factor IL-10(p<0.05)increased markedly and the levels of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1? and IL-6 decreased significantly(p<0.05),At the same time,the mRNA level of IL-1?,IKK,I?B and RIP1 in synovial tissue was significantly decreased(p<0.05).There are abundant medium-and long-chain fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in camel milk,of which n-3FA is significantly higher than cow milk and goat milk.Camel milk is effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,and can effectively improve the activity,intake,swelling degree and weight gain of rats,also reduce the content of inflammatory factors in peripheral serum,promote the increase of anti-inflammatory factors,and reduce the expression of some genes of NF-?B signaling pathway.Overall,camel milk has significant alleviation effects on rheumatoid arthritis in CIA rats.