The Studies On Propagation Of Some Wild Perennials In Northern China

Perennials are rich of high ornamental value,which are more manageable.They have a favorable impact on Beijing water conservation garden for their strong drought resistance.Seed propagation,cutting and division are important means of reproduction of wild perennials,which are convenient and easier to spread.Experiments on 3 reproduction methods just as seed ger mination for 16 wild perennials with different preger mination methods,cutting for 8 wild perennials,and division for 5 wild perennials were carried out on base of investigation of wild flower resources and collecting breeding materials of 21 species of wild perennials.The main results and conclusions are as followsThe results of seed propagation experiment showed that:(1)Seeds of Galium verum,Heteropappus altaicus,Papaver nudicaule,Silene jenisseensis can be sowed directly after collecting seeds,whose ger mination rates are over 60%..Wild perennials that Potentilla bifurca,P.tanacetifolia,Thalictrum petaloideum,T.squarrosum,Hedysarum alpinum,Polygonum bistorta,P.divaricatum,Iris sanguinea,Adenophora stricta,Ligularia mongolica,Serratula centauroides,Aquilegja viridiflora f.atropuipurea can be sowed after accelerating germination treatments.The optimum ger mination temperature of Ligularia mongolica is 5?10?,Polygonum bistorta,P.divaricatum,Erodium stephanianum,Geranium pratense and Vicia sepium is 15?,Aquilegia viridiflora f Atropurpurea is 15?25?,Trifolium lupinaster,Serratula centuroides,Thalictrum petaloideum,T.Squarrosum and Potentilla bifurca is 20?,P.Tanacetifolia and Adenophora stricta is 20?25?,Hedysarum alpinum is 25?.Iris sanguinea has the highest ger mination rate(52.00%)in the temperature of 15?/25?.The optimum concentration of gibberellin for Potentilla tanacetifolia was 125 mg/L,for Hedysarum alpinum,Polygonum bwastorta,P.divaricatum,Erodium stephanianum,Ligularia mongolica was 250 mg/L,that Geranium pratense,or Thalictrum petaloideum,T.squarrosum,Trifolium lupinaster,Irwas sanguinea,Aquilegia viridiflora f.atropurpurea was 500 mg/L,and which for Potentilla bifurca and Vicia sepium was 1000 mg/L.Geranium pratense,Adenophora stricta and Serratula centauroides got the best seed ger mination rate without gibberellin.The results of optimal soaking temperature were as follows:50? for Thalictrum squarrosum,Ligularia mongolica,60? for Potentilla tanacetifolia,Thalictrum petaloideum,Polygonum divaricatum and Serratula centauroides,70? for Trifolium lupinaster and Iris sanguinea,80? for Geranium pratense,and 90? for Vicia sepium and Erodium stephanianum.The most effective ger mination treatment for Geranium pratense proved to be soaking with 60? water for 30 min The ger mination rate of Iris sanguinea could be significantly by the way of soaking seeds with 500 mg/L gibberellin 24h after 2 months storage in low temperature.(2)The results of cutting experiments for 8 wild perennials were as follows.(1)The substrate of Vicia unijuga,Trifolium lupinaster,Vicia sepium,and Potentilla bifurca is perlite:vermiculite=1:1.Vicia unijuga could get the highiest rooting rate over 88.33%,when cuttings were treated with 100?300 mg/L IBA for 30 min at the end of June to early July.Trifolium lupinaster should be carried out from June to July.The more effective rooting rate would be got when cuttings were treated with 100 mg/L ABT1 or 300 mg/L NAA for 10 min,or without exterior hormones.Vicia sepium could get the highest rooting rate over 60%,when cuttings were treated 300 mg/L IBA for 10 min..Potentilla bifurca should be carried out from June to July.The rooting rate could reach 70%when cuttings were soaked with 500 mg/L NAA.Clematis intricata should be carried out in August.It could get the highiest rooting rate over 90%,when upper branchs were treated with 50 mg/L ABT1 or IAA,or 100 mg/L IBA for 10 min in July(2)The results of anatomical study were as follows.Vicia unijuga,Potentilla bifurca,Geranium pratense,G.maximowiczii were easy to generate roots from phloem.There were two rooting types that callus rooting and bark rooting in Vicia sepium,Trifolium lupinaster,Clematis hexapetala and C intricata,but the type of bark rooting was the main rooting type.Incubate root primordiuls have not been found in Vicia unijuga,Trifolium lupinaster,Clematis hexapetala and C.intricata stems Adventitious roots were derived from induced root primordiums which originated from the cambium(3)The results of division propagation test were as follows.(1)The division of Potenlilla tanacetifolia,Geranium pratense,Heteropappus altaicus,Thalictrum squarrosum,Serratula centauroides should be carried out in August.Perennial plants of Geranium pratense should be chosen,and seedlings of Potentilla lanacetifolia,Heteropappus altaicus,Thalictrum squarrosum,Serratula centauroides more than one year should be used in division propagation.2?4 buds should be retained per plant,the part overground and roots would be trimmed.Retained 8?10cm aerial stem of plant,and planted them in pots.Transplant them when there would be new shoots grow.