Identification And Quality Agronomy Effect Of Wheat 5+10 Subunit,NGli-D2 And Sec-1~s Gene Aggregates

Wheat is the main food crop in China.With the improvement of living standards,people have higher and higher requirements for wheat quality.Therefore,the improvement of wheat quality is one of the important goals of wheat breeding in China.The traditional wheat quality improvement cycle is long,the effect is slow,and it is difficult to simultaneously improve multiple quality traits.Therefore,the high-quality genes are aggregated by means of gene polymerization,and the quality can be significantly improved quickly,efficiently,and purposefully.The 5+10 subunit gene can significantly improve the baking quality;TheNGli-D2gene can cause partial gliadin loss and not expression,which is beneficial to improve bread processing quality and grain lysine content,and at the same time reduce the content of celiac disease-inducing factor;The Sec-1^Sgene can prevent the expression of?-Secalin base on chromosome 1RS in the 1BL/1RS translocation,and significantly improve the processing quality of wheat bread.Polymerization of the above genes results in reduced prolamin content,increased ratio of alcohol to alcohol,improved processing and nutritional quality.In this study,the BC₃F₂ and BC₄F₂ derived progeny of the 5+10 subunit,NGli-D2 and Sec-1^Sgenes were obtained from the Institute of Genetics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,with Hengguan35 mutant,Zhengmai 7698 and Zhengmai 366 as the genetic background.The molecular markers were used to identify and screen the polymer plants by molecular marker-assisted selection technique for two consecutive years,and their quality effects and agronomic traits were identified.The research results are as follows:1.Results of polymeric identification:the result of three-gene polymeric?5+10subunit?NGli-D2?Sec-1^S?identification was that Kexing 631?Hengguan35 mutant?identified one,ten and ten three-gene polymeric in F₃-F₅ generation,with the successful polymerization rate of2.1%to 8.3%;Kexing 632?Zhengmai7698?identified 1,21 and 15 three gene polymers in F₃-F₅ generation,with a successful polymerization rate of 2.8%to 10%.Among them,two strains identified two digenic aggregates,indicating that the strains that simultaneously aggregate the three genes are still unstable.Some of the selected three-gene polymer plants were homozygous in the F₅ generation,which laid the foundation for the next breeding and quality determination.Kexing 626?Zhengmai 366?identified 16,56 and 55 two-gene polymers in F₃-F₅generation,respectively,with a successful polymerization rate of 12%-12.4%.In the two-gene polymer?5+10 subunit,Sec-1^S?,Kexing 627?Hengguan35 mutant?identified 6,34and 101 two-gene polymers in the F₃-F₅ generation,with the successful polymerization rate of6.3%to 50.5%.Kexing 638?Zhengmai 7698?identified 10,145 and 111 in the F₃-F₅generation,and the successful polymerization rate was 11.6%-46.3%.Some plants of all the three strains reached homozygous in the F₅ generation,which provided a good basis for the determination of quality effect and the improvement of wheat quality.2.Quality effect:The three-gene aggregates have different degrees of increase in flour protein content,sedimentation value,glutenine macropolymer content and partial starch gelatinization traits,ranging from 4%to 24%.Among them,the content of glutenine macro polymer is the most significant,with an increase range of 19.4-24%;there was no significant effect on the color and solvent retention of the flour,indicating that the polymerization of the three genes had a positive effect on the improvement of some quality traits.The second gene aggregate?5+10 subunit,NGli-D2?has different degrees of increase in protein content,glutenin macropolymer content,and partial starch gelatinization trait compared with the parent of the unpolymerized gene,and the increase range is 4.1.%-23.3%,the final viscosity and rebound value of starch gelatinization traits and glutenin macropolymer content increased significantly,which were 22.9%,20.8%and 23.3%,respectively;there is no significant effect on the sedimentation value,the surface pink color and the solvent retention.The second gene aggregate?5+10 subunit,Sec-1^S?has different degrees of increase in protein content,sedimentation value,and partial starch gelatinization trait compared with the parent of the unpolymerized gene,with an increase range of 4.2%-21.7%.,Among them,the final viscosity increase in starch gelatinization trait was significant,21.7%;it does not significantly affect the gluten macropolymer content,the surface color and solvent retention.This provides a reference value for future research on gene aggregates.3.Each gene aggregate had no significant effect on grain traits related to grain weight,indicating that these three genes did not affect wheat grain weight.This study demonstrates that the goal of improving wheat quality can be achieved through gene aggregation,which provides new methods and new ideas for the improvement of current wheat quality.