Genetic Diversity Of 41 Faba Bean Germplasm Resources In Africa And Hubei Based On Yield Traits And SSR Analysis

Vicia faba L.is an important high-protein edible legume crop with high health value.Faba bean has become an important cash crop for the adjustment of modern agricultural planting structure in China,for its high efficiency of biological nitrogen fixation,soil improvement and environmental friendliness.Faba bean has become an important cash crop for farmers in underdeveloped western regions and hilly and mountainous areas to get rid of poverty and become rich.In order to make full use of domestic and foreign high quality broad bean germplasm resources for breeding,the genetic diversity of 41 broad bean germplasm resources in Africa and Hubei were analyzed based on Yield Traits and SSR molecular markers.The main results are as follows:(1)The variation range of yield traits of broad bean germplasm resources tested was wide,and the variation of pod number per plant was the largest(58.09%).(2)The correlation analysis showed that there was a high correlation between 100-seed weight and the number of branches per plant,pod width and pod length,reaching a very significant level.(3)Principal component analysis found that the cumulative contribution rate of the first five principal component factors reached 78.24%.The variation of 10 yield traits contributed a lot to the first principal component,which affected the number of pods.(4)41 accessions could be clustered into four groups based on yield traits: group I consisted mainly of Vicia faba L.hupehensis,including 11 Hubei accessions and 2 Ethiopian accessions,accounting for 31.71% of the tested germplasm resources;group I I consisted of 2 Sudanese accessions,3 Ethiopian accessions and 3 Egyptian accessions,accounting for 19.51% of the tested germplasm resources;group I I I consisted of 5 Hubei accessions and 5 Ethiopian accessions.Five Sudanese,one Ethiopian and one Egyptian germplasms accounted for 29.27% of the tested germplasm resources.Group IV included 4 Sudanese,3 Egyptian and 1 Ethiopian germplasms,accounting for 19.51% of the tested germplasm resources.(5)Based on the comprehensive application of principal component analysis and cluster analysis of yield traits,two high-yielding germplasm resources CDAS106 and P422823026 were screened out,and the two germplasms were not clustered by SSR cluster analysis,so they were suitable as parents in breeding selection.(6)SSR marker analysis showed that the genetic similarity coefficients of all materials ranged from 0.61 to 0.891,with an average of 0.71.The maximum genetic similarity coefficients appeared between the materials of 2015422365(Hubei)and 1542397(Hubei),indicating the closest genetic relationship between the two materials;the minimum values appeared between CDSD112(Sudan)and CDAJ102(Egypt),indicating the farthest genetic relationship between the two materials.(7)At the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.695,41 faba bean germplasm resources were clustered into three groups: Group I consisted of 13 germplasms,6 in Ethiopia and 7 in Egypt.Group II contains 12 germplasms,all of which come from Sudan.Group III contains 16 faba bean germplasms,all of which are from Hubei,China.(8)SSR clustering results showed that 16 Vicia faba accessions were clustered in group III,while 11 accessions were clustered in group I based on pod number per plant.(9)The genetic similarity coefficient between CDAS106(Ethiopia)and CDSD112(Sudan)was the smallest 0.62,and the two germplasm resources were not clustered in the same group,indicating that the genetic distance was relatively long.At the same time,CDSD112(Sudan)had good pod width,pod length,100-seed weight and number of branches per plant,so germplasm CDAS106(Ethiopia)and CDSD112(Sudan)have good breeding value among broad bean germplasms.