Investigation And Control Countermeasures Of Diseases And Humful Animals Of Dendrobium Officinale In Field Return Plantation In The Yachang Reserve

Dendrobium officinale is a perennial herb belonged to Orchidaceae,commonly known as black festival grass,yunnan tin,iron bucket and so on.An investigation of diseases and humful animals of Dendrobium officinale in field return plantation in the Yachang National Nature Reserve of Orchidaceae(herein back referred to as "Yachang Nature Reserve")was carried out and control countermeasures were proposed.(1)According to the investigation,there were 11 kinds of common diseases and humful animals during the growth process of Dendrobium officinale in field return plantation,including anthracnose,southern blight,round spot,root rot,phytophthora blight,stem rot,soft rot,snails,spodoptera litura,banana slugs and aphids,among them,anthracnose and soft rot were serious diseases while spodoptera litura and snails were serious hamful animals.Therefore,These diseases and hamful animals should be paid more attention to in future production of Dendrobium officinale.(2)Anthracnose,phytophthora blight,soft rot,spodoptera litura and snails were more serious under plantation on ground than the other two field return plantation modes.The field return plantation modes of epiphytic growth with bole and epiphytic growth on stone which more approached natural growth environment of Dendrobium officinale,land was saved and diseases and pests were little,should be encouraged to applied.(3)A proper control strategy against diseases and humful animals was proposed combining with the investigation and production practice in this reserve:Prevention measures included that a proper plantation should be chosen,healthy seedlings should be applied and a healthy environment should be established,and management measures included that harmful animals shou be killed artificially,physical and biological controlling measures should be carried out and pesticides which belonged low toxicity and low residues should be sprayed when diseases and harmful animals were prevalent.