Su Effects Of Different Selenium Fertilizer Amounts And Application Method On Selenium Accumulation Transportation And Soil Fertility In Wheat

Selenium is one of the essential trace elements for human beings and animals.At present,the vast majority of the human body is deficient in selenium.Dietary supplementation of exogenous selenium is the most safe and direct way.As one of the three major food crops in the world,more than half of the people eat wheat as their staple food.In this paper,we studied the effects of different selenium application rates and methods on selenium accumulation in wheat plants and grains and soil nutrients while planting wheat in selenium-deficient areas of Shanxi Province.We can increase selenium accumulation in wheat grains to the greatest extent and improve the nutritional quality of wheat.We also studied the optimal fertilization methods and realized high yield and quality of selenium-rich wheat.Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different application methods(basal and foliar spraying)and the increase of basal selenium fertilizer on grain quality and soil fertility of winter wheat,so as to provide basis for the production of selenium-rich wheat.The results show that:(1)Selenium content in wheat organs increased significantly after applying Se fertilizer,the Se content in roots was up to 1.05 mg/kg at 45 g/hm2 in rejuvenation stage and 0.22 mg/kg in stems and leaves at jointing stage.Selenium fertilizer could significantly increase the number of ears,grains per ear,1000-grain weight and yield of wheat,which reached a high yield of 5326.41 kg/hm2 at 45 g/hm2 in rejuvenation stage.There was no significant difference in spike number,grain number per spike,1000-grain weight and yield between spraying and spraying.(2)The total selenium content of wheat grains treated with selenium fertilizer increased significantly and reached the standard of selenium-rich rice.The highest selenium content of wheat grains was 252 g/kg under basal application and 289 g/kg under spraying treatment.Proper basal application plus spraying selenium fertilizer could make wheat grains reach the level of selenium-rich,improve the nutritional quality of wheat grains and reduce the content of heavy metal elements.(3)After applying selenium fertilizer,the roots of wheat absorb a large amount of selenium from the soil during its growth and development,and then transmit it to the grain through stem,leaf and glume shell.Base application and spraying significantly reduce the contents of three heavy metal elements,namely,Cr,Cd and Pb,and significantly increase the contents of Ca and Mg nutrients.(4)Application of organic selenium fertilizer can significantly increase soil selenium content.Soil available nutrients and soil enzyme activities are affected to varying degrees.Therefore,appropriate application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer can effectively change the cycle of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in soil ecosystem.