| Coreopsistinctoria belongs to the genus Compositae,and is known as"the three high flower"in the Kunlun Mountains area.It is a widely cultivated crop in Western China.The name is"double color golden pheasant".Volatile oil,pharmacological research nowadays mainly focused on Chrysanthemum in total saponins,amino acids,flavonoids and other substances,the study found that resistance to pathogens,which plays an important role in enhancing vascular elasticity.Nitrogen is one of the essential nutrient elements for plant growth,and participates in various metabolic processes in plants through many ways.It plays an important role in promoting crop growth and improving crop yield and quality.This paper by pot and field experiment,the effects of different nitrogen application on growth,yield and quality of chrysanthemum,provide the basis for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer chrysanthemum.The main results are as follows:(1)By the pot experiment,5 kinds of different nitrogen treatments on the growth and quality of chrysanthemum,through the determination of different nitrogen levels on the growth and yield of chrysanthemum and active ingredients(flavone,chlorogenic acid,tea polyphenol,total sugar,amino acid)content influence,so as to determine the most suitable for the application of chrysanthemum growth the amount of nitrogen.The results show that the treatment of Kunlun chrysanthemum of different nitrogen on the growth,yield and quality were affected.Using N3 to deal with that amount of nitrogen was 0.3g/kg soil,chrysanthemum growth and yield value are the best,the highest yield of dried flowers,up to46.77kg/667m~2;N2 treatment,the amount of nitrogen was 0.2g/kg soil,and the yield of flower chrysanthemum is 45.64 kg/667m~2.In the average yield of chrysanthemum plant,the maximum dry and fresh weight of 5.34g was N3,26.27g and N2,respectively.In the N3 treatment,the amount of nitrogen is0.3g/kg soil,flavonoid content was 14.42%,the content of chlorogenic acid was 0.43%,the content of tea polyphenols was 12.30%;in N2 treatment,the amount of nitrogen is 0.2g/kg soil,the content of total sugar and amino acids of chrysanthemum reaches the maximum value,respectively,and 14.83%15.01%.N4 and N5 treatments showed a downward trend in yield and quality,and showed poor performance.The quality of snow chrysanthemum was best in N2 and N3 treatments,that is,0.2g/kg soil and 0.3g/kg soil,and the rest of the treatments were not prominent in plant characters,yield and quality.(2)The method of foliar nitrogen application by field experiment,effects of growth and quality through the study of foliar nitrogen application on chrysanthemum,and to find out the most suitable fertilizer demand of chrysanthemum.The test consists of 3 spraying period,5 nitrogen levels(sprayed with water as control),each treatment was repeated 3 times,respectively at the seedling stage,bud stage and flowering stage(first pick).The results showed that application of nitrogen increased the plant height and branch number,and the chlorophyll content of plant increased.The best treatment for the growth of chrysanthemum was N2 treatment,that is,the concentration of foliar nitrogen fertilizer was 0.2.In yield,the yield of snow chrysanthemum was the best in N3 treatment,the fresh weight value was the largest,443.72 kg/667m~2,and the maximum dry weight was 84.81kg/667m~2;In the quality of snow chrysanthemum,when N2 and N3 were processed,the quality indexes of snow chrysanthemum were all outstanding.The flavonoids content reached the maximum at N2 treatment,12.58%,and the chlorogenic acid content reached the maximum at N2 treatment,which was 0.54%.The tea polyphenol content in Chrysanthemum N3 treatment reached the maximum of 15.18%,the overall content of tea polyphenol and N3 treatment was higher than that of other treatments;the total sugar content in N4 treatment reached the maximum at12.43%;amino acid content of chrysanthemum was highest in the N4 treatment,12.18%.Overall,chrysanthemum at N2 and N3,namely spraying nitrogen concentration in 0.2%-0.3%,growth index and quality to achieve the best,so that the snow chrysanthemum foliar nitrogen concentration in the growth period should be 0.2%-0.3%.To sum up,the amount of nitrogen applied in the pot experiment was 0.2-0.3g/kg,and the growth,yield and quality of the chrysanthemum were best when the nitrogen concentration was 0.2%-0.3%. |
