| With the intensive feeding of poultry,there are many factors that can increase blood uric acid levels because of feeding management and other causes,resulting in the increasing incidence of poultry gout,which seriously affects the economic benefits of the farm.Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in poultry.Too much production and/or under-excretion of uric acid may cause gout.So there is an urgent need to find efficient and safe therapeutic drugs in the poultry industry.Taurine is a natural and endogenous amino acid,which has a wide range of biological function and has no side effects on animals.It has been found by our previous research that taurine could significantly decrease the levels of blood uric acid and alleviate the kidney injury.This study aims to further elucidate the protective effect of taurine on the kidney of rats with hyperuricemia by detecting the antioxidant capacity and inflammatory factors,and explore the relationships between taurine and uric acid reabsorption by renal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2)culture,which may provide theoretical basis for clarifying the mechanism of decreasing uric acid levels by taurine.Animal experiments: Forty SD rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups,which were designated as untreated control group(C),hyperuricemic model group(M),taurine treatment groups(T1,T2)and taurine control group(TC).In M,T1 and T2 groups,all rats were administered intragastrically with adenine(200 mg/kg/d)and ethambutol hydrochloride(250 mg/kg/d)once per day for consecutive 10 days.Taurine was added in the drinking water in T1,T2,and TC groups for 7 days before the treatment of adenine and ethambutol hydrochloride.Rats given 1% taurine in the drinking water were designated as T1 group and 2% taurine as T2 group.Rats in TC group were only administered with 2% taurine in the drinking water throughout the experimental period.Rats in C group were administered only with drinking water for entire experimental duration.All the rats were fed with the same chow.Then the rats were decapitated under anesthesia.Blood samples were collected from carotid artery for the separation of serum.UA,XOD,antioxidant indexes,and inflammatory factors were detected by the corresponding measure kits.The results showed that compared with M group,serum uric acid level and XOD activity in the T1,T2 groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the MDA content was significantly decreased(P<0.01);the GSH-PX and SOD contents were significantly increased(P<0.05);IL-1?,IL-6?,TNF-? and TGF-? were significantly reduced(P<0.05).The results indicated that taurine could improve the antioxidant capacity and inhibit inflammatory reactions in rats with hyperuricemic nephropathy,which may have a protective effect on kidneys.Cell Culture: The HK-2 cells in logarithmic growth phase were used and grouped as follows: normal control group(C),model group(M),taurine group(MT),and taurine control group(T).After 48 hours of culture,the cell growth inhibition rate was measured by MTS assay,and mRNA and protein expression levels of URAT1 and GLUT9 were measured by qRT-PCR and Western-blot.The results showed that the inhibition rate of HK-2 cells was up to 50% after treatment with 1.5 mmol/L uric acid for 48 h,whereas 15 mmol/L taurine significantly reduced cell growth inhibition rate and uric acid uptake.The expression levels of URAT1 and GLUT9 mRNA/protein in M group were significantly increased compared with C group.In MT group,the expression levels were significantly decreased compared with M group,and showed no significant difference from C group.In addition,the expression levels of these two transporters in T group were significantly lower than C group.The results indicated that under both normal and higher uric acid conditions,taurine could inhibit uric acid uptake by down-regulating the expressions of URAT1 and GLUT9 in HK-2 cells.In summary,taurine has a protective effect on the kidneys of rats with hyperuricemia,and can reduce uric acid levels by regulating the reabsorption of uric acid. |
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