| Foxtail millet is a main grain crops in China,and an important crop in the north of Chinese agricultural production.But millet seed have mixed and their qualities seriously degraded in current market.Good quality and high yield cultivars were lack.The source and parents genetic distance should be considered in hybrid breeding.31 foxtail millet cultivars from Chinese different ecological regions were used for correlation,cluster and principal component analysis in 9 agronomic traits by SPSS analysis software.Otherwise,Cluster analysis was carried out by SSR polymorphism markers.The experimental results were as follows:（1）Ear length was very significantly positive correlated with ear weight and 1000 grain weight,their correlation coefficient were 0.489**和0.495**,respectively.The longer the ear length,the larger the ear weight and the 1000-grain weight.Ear tightness was significantly negative correlated with ear length and 1000-grain weight,their correlation coefficient were-0.380*and-0.440*,respectively.Cultivars with long ear and large 1000-grain weight had loose ears.Otherwise,ear diameter was very significantly negative correlated with 1000 grain weight,their correlation coefficient were-0.476**.Cultivars with higher 1000 grain weight had fine and loose ears.（2）31 millet materials were divided into four groups by euclidean distance 15.Among them,the first group included 22 cultivars,such as Fengtian501,Jingu 36,Fenggu 12 and so on.Their ear weight,grain weight per spike were larger,ear diameter were the largest than that of other cultivars.1000 grain weight,plant height and number of nodes were the smallest than that of others.The second groups included 5 varieties,associated with Chigu 17 and Mengzaogu 9,thier node number and 1000 grain weight were highest than that of others,ear weight,grain weight per ear were relatively higher than that of others.The third group only included Dajinmiao and Zhangzagu 13 with long ear hair and tight ears.The fourth category included JuI-108 and Dahonggu,their plant height,ear length,ear weight,grain weight per ear and 1000 grain weight were the largest than that of others.（3）The principal components of 9 agronomic characters mainly were ear factors,grass yield factors and ear hair factors.The contribution rates of five principal components were28.8%,24.62%7,14.237%,12.503%and 11.271%,respectively.the cumulative contribution rate was 91.477%.The first two principal component is ear contribution,which has a greater impact on yield;the three or four principal component was the contribution of plant grass,forage grass millet breeding may be considered to select height plants for cross-parents.The fifth principal component was the contribution of ear length.（4）18 pairs of primers with better polymorphisms were screened from 32 pairs of foxtail Millet SSR primers such as b242**,b165,p3*,B109,P2,b236*,b159,b142,P59,p10*,p17X*,B258,b269*,P4,b246,p33*,b169,p29,respectively.34 millet cultivars were clustered into four groups in similarity 0.82.Among them,the first class had the biggest 1000grain weight than other varieties,associated 16 cultivars with Fengtian501,09-221,Keza1,and so on.The second groups had the highest plant height,ear length and smallest grain weight per ear than that of others,associated 15 varieties with Xiaoxianggu,Chigu17 and so on.The third group included Zhangzagu13 and Xinggu10,which had middle ear hair length and ear tightness.The fourth class were A2-2258,which had lower plant height and ear length than the others. |
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