The Benefit Analysis And Study Of Moderate Scale Of Beef Cattle Breeding In Shaanxi Province

Based on the current status of beef cattle breeding in Shaanxi,this study studied and analyzed the benefits of beef cattle farms of different scales in order to provide a scientific basis for moderately large-scale breeding of Shaanxi beef cattle.A total of 63 cattle farms of different scales in six cities of Tongchuan,Baoji,Xianyang,Weinan,Yan’an,and Shangluo in Shaanxi Province were selected and classified into Class I(1-100 heads)and Class II(101-300 heads)depending on the scale of farming.Class III(301-500 heads),Class IV(501-1000 heads),and Class V(1001-2000 heads),a total of five categories,were investigated separately.Through the analysis of the benefits of five types of beef cattle farms,the correlation between beef cattle breeding scale and aquaculture efficiency was evaluated.At the same time,the correlation evaluation index was established.Second,the appropriate scale of beef cattle breeding in Shaanxi Province was analyzed from a microscopic perspective.Combining the results of the investigations of five types of beef cattle farms,the impact factors of single head cattle performance in different breeding scales of beef cattle in Shaanxi Province were analyzed,and the marginal benefits of five types of beef cattle farms under conditions of different influencing factors were analyzed to determine the feeding cost and net profit of single head beef cattle.Determine the optimum breeding scale for beef cattle farms.Finally,combined with the results of the above two angles analysis,suggestions are made for the appropriate breeding scale of Shaanxi beef cattle and the improvement of the breeding efficiency.The research obtained the following results:(1)With the increase in beef cattle breeding,the number of beef cattle farms showed a downward trend,and the net income of pasture operations showed an increasing trend;with the increase in beef cattle breeding scale,dry matter intake,slaughter rate,and net Meat rate,meat-bone ratio,and carcass weight all showed an increasing trend;when the ranch was over 100 scales,the annual investment capital was more than 1 million.In order to ensure the backflow of ranching funds,the turnover of 100 or more grazing farms above designated size was at least 1 million yuan.Can guarantee smooth operation.(2)Under the “Whole plant silage+fine material+wheat straw” diet structure of Class I(1-100 head)beef cattle breeding farms,the scale of 21-30 heads is suitable for the scale of farming,and the marginal profit balance is realized at 11-20.Head range: In terms of aquaculture species,the Qinchuan beef breeding line with improved breeding has the highest single-headed profit,and the larger the breeding scale,the higher the profitability of the new Qinchuan beef breeding line,and the higher profitability of the new Qinchuan beef line.Qinchuan Cattle has a profitability of over 30%.In the rearing mode,under the same scale,compared with the self-breeding and self-professional beef cattle farm and the self-cultivation and self-cultivation + purchase shelf beef fattening beef farm breeding mode,the company purchases the shelf beef fattening method at each end.The slaughter cost is the lowest.Under the procurement of shelf beef cattle fattening methods,the range of 41-50 heads is the optimum breeding scale;under the same conditions of the average monthly wage and the number of workers,the average number of breeding per person controlled by 21-30 heads of breeding scales is the best.Under the condition of sufficient funds,the scale of breeding can be appropriately increased,and the number of animals per capita controlled by 91-100 heads of breeding operations is the best.(3)Pass the single-headed year for beef cattle farms of Class II(101-300 heads),Class III(301-500 heads),Class IV(501-1000 heads)and Class V(1001-2000 heads)The comparative analysis of both aquaculture benefits showed that the scale of 201-250 heads,401-450 heads,and 1501-1700 head farms were the most suitable for farming.According to the analysis of the optimal breeding scale for a single-headed breeding efficiency of more than 4,000 yuan,it is recommended that the per capita breeding head number be controlled within the range of 51-93 heads.In summary,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The factors affecting the efficiency of beef cattle breeding include the scale of breeding,the structure of the diet,the breed of beef cattle,the number of heads per capita,the mode of breeding,and the labor salary.(2)Under 100 heads of small-scale beef cattle breeding farms,under the conditions of the structural structure of the shelf beef beef fattening,breeding and improved Qinchuan beef new product line and "whole plant silage + concentrate + wheat straw",to 21-30 breeding scales are the optimum breeding scale.(3)For beef cattle farms with over 100 heads,the optimal scale for beef cattle breeding is 201-250 heads or 401-450 heads under the condition of guaranteeing a 50-70 head per capita head range and an average finishing cycle of about 95-100 days;For large-scale beef cattle farms with adequate capital turnover,it is recommended that the optimum breeding scale be 1500-1700 heads,and the appropriate number of breeding heads per capita should be controlled within the range of 51-93 heads.(4)In order to increase the efficiency of beef cattle breeding,the government needs to increase the policy support for beef cattle breeding.At the same time,enterprises and farmers should also accelerate the genetic improvement of beef cattle and raise the level of scientific breeding.