| After the artificial reef is put into the sea area,there will be a large number of organisms attached to the surface of the reef,and the community structure of the reef surface will change with the seasons.In this paper,ordinary Portland cement(P),scallop Portland cement(S),iron plate and plastic plate are taken as the research objects,and the effects of different materials,different months and different water depths on the structure of attached biological communities are mainly analyzed.This article is mainly divided into five parts for analysis,and it is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of marine grazing land and the selection of artificial reef materials.The main findings are as follows:1.A total of 70 species of attached organisms were identified by 4 samplings,of which crustaceans accounted for the largest number of species,up to 25 species,accounting for 36%of the total number of identified species;15 species of mollusks accounted for 21%of the species.There are 53 kinds of attached organisms of ordinary portland cement reefs,51 kinds of attached organisms of scallops,portland cement reefs,31 kinds of attached organisms on iron plates,and 34 kinds of attached organisms on plastic plates.The principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the four species of reef-attached biological communities were conducted.The biological composition and community structure of the artificial reef-attached organisms were studied.The results showed that the pleated oysters,purple mussels,wheat straw worms,and Qingdao plate hooks The organisms such as shrimps and periwinkles constitute the main body of attached organisms.Ordinary silicate cement adherent biological communities clustered into one category,and scallop portland cement,plastic plates,and iron plate attached biological communities clustered into one category.2.A model correspondence analysis of the environmental factors affecting the distribution of attached organisms was performed.The results showed that the common species on the experimental reef board are heterotube algae,pore moss,brown algae,and multi-chambered grass mosses.Depth and temperature are the main factors affecting the changes of the community composition of ordinary portland cement and scallop portland cement;salinity,dissolved oxygen,and pH are the main factors affecting the changes of the attached bio-community of iron plate and plastic plate.The bi-order map of CCA species-environmental factors can intuitively reflect the relationship between the main species of attached biomes and environmental factors.3.The effects of four kinds of artificial reef materials such as ordinary portland cement,scallop portland cement,iron plate,and plastic plate on the structure of attached biological communities were studied.The results showed that there were more than 70species of attached organisms on four types of reefs,and ordinary silicon.Salt cement and scallop portland cement have more types of adhesion,and there are fewer types of attached organisms on iron plates and plastic plates;the common dominant species of attached organisms on the four kinds of material reefs are pleated oysters and purple yibei;scallop silicon Acidic cements have the highest habitat density and biomass,and plastic boards have the lowest habitat density and biomass.4.The succession of the attachment biological community structure of different material reefs was studied.The results showed that there were monthly differences in the composition and quantity of community species.The number of ordinary portland cements was the highest in July(32 species),and there was no significant difference in the number of species in September(17 species),November(19 species),and January(18 species).Changes in biomass in the four months were as follows:September>November>January>July.The changes in community density at 4 months were as follows:September>July>November>January.The species dominance of the communities in the four months was different.The pleated oysters were in an absolute dominant position in September,November and January.The wheat straw worms were in an absolute dominant position in July.The diversity index of community diversity in the four months was as follows:Richness index,July>November>January>September;Diversity index,January>July>November>September;Evenness index,January>July>November>September.The number of scallop Portland cement species was the highest in July(36 species),followed by September(23 species),November(18 species),and the lowest in January(16 species).Changes in biomass in the four months were as follows:November>September>January>July.The changes in the inhabitant density in the four months were as follows:September>July>January>November.The species dominance of the communities in the four months was different.The pleated oysters were in an absolute dominant position in September,November and January.The wheat straw worms were in an absolute dominant position in July.The diversity index of community diversity in the four months was as follows:richness index,July>November>September>January;diversity index,January>July>November>September;evenness index,January>November>July>September.The number of iron plate species was the highest in July and January(21 species),followed by September(12 species),and the lowest in November(5 species).Changes in biomass in the four months were as follows:September>November>January>July.The changes in the inhabitant density in the four months were as follows:September>July>January>November.There were differences in species dominance in the four months of the community,and the absolute dominant species varied from month to month.The diversity index of community diversity in the four months was as follows:Richness index,January>July>September>November;Diversity index,January>July>November>September;Evenness index,January>11 Month>July>September.The number of plastic plate types was the highest in January(22 species),followed by July(19 species)and 9(16 species),and the lowest in November(12 species).Changes in biomass in the four months were as follows:September>November>January>July.The change in the inhabitant density in the four months was as follows:July>September>January>November.The species dominance of the communities in the four months was different.Long-tailed shrimps were in an absolute dominant position in September and January.The strong-strength algae shrimps were in an absolute dominant position in July,and the multi-chambered grass mosses were absolutely dominant in November.status.The diversity index of community diversity in the four months was as follows:Richness index,January>July>November>September;Diversity index,January>November>September>July;Evenness index,November>1 Month>September>July.5.The study of the water depth on the composition changes of the attached organism on the reef was studied.The results showed that the composition and quantity of the community species were significantly different in different water layers.The number of organisms in the middle layer of ordinary portland cement(1850 pieces),scallop portland cement(3258 pieces)and plastic plates(335 pieces)is the highest,and the number of types of iron plates(2695 pieces)is the highest.The number of dominant dominant species of ordinary portland cement,scallop portland cement,and iron plate is the largest,and the number of dominant species on plastic upper plates is the largest.Ordinary portland cement biomass water layer changes from upper layer(3483.73 g/m~2)>middle layer(2569.08 g/m~2)>lower layer(953.74 g/m~2).The biomass of pleated oysters and purple mussels is in three waters.The scallop portland cement biomass water layer was changed in the middle layer(8195.92 g/m~2)>upper layer(2016.46 g/m~2)>lower layer(992.19g/m~2),and the pleated oyster biomass was the largest in all three waters;The change of iron plate biomass water layer was upper layer(187.83 g/m~2)>middle layer(180.93g/m~2)>lower layer(180.52 g/m~2),and the biomass of periwinkle was the highest in all three waters;The change of the amount of water layer was middle layer(50.13 g/m~2)>lower layer(15.21 g/m~2)>upper layer(9.62 g/m~2).The biomass of the mussels was highest in the upper and lower layers,and the biomass of the periwinkle was The largest in the middle.The number of dominant species in different water layers is different from that of absolute dominant species.The number of common portland cement dominant species is the same in different water layers,and the absolute dominant species are pleated oysters;the number of dominant species of scallop portland cement varies to middle(4 species)>upper(3species)>lower(2 Species),the uppermost dominant species is the purple mussel,the absolute dominant species in the middle and lower layers are pleated oysters;the number of dominant species in the iron plate changes to middle(5 species)>upper(3 species)=lower(3 species)The absolute superior species in the upper layer is Qingdao platecrust shrimp,the absolute dominant species in the middle layer is wheat straw worms,and the absolute dominant species in the lower layer is long-tailed hook shrimp;the number of dominant species in the plastic plate changes to the upper layer(8 species)=lower layer(8species)>middle layer(7 species),the absolute superior species in the upper layer is the strong algae,and the absolute dominant species in the middle and lower layers are wheat straw worms. |
PDF Full Text Request