Economic Benefits Analysis Of The "3-excellent" Apple High-density Dwarfing Stock Planting Pattern

At present,the apple planting system in China is in the critical period of transition from the traditional vigorous stock planting pattern to the modern high-density dwarfing stock planting pattern.For more than 20 years,various regions have introduced and developed new apple high-density dwarfing stock planting patterns.Among them,Hebei Agricultural University has developed the “3-Excellent” apple high-density dwarfing stock planting pattern—excellent varieties,excellent stocks,and excellent planting management techniques.A large area of “three-excellent” cultivated orchards has been established within Hebei Province,and it has gained significant economic and demonstration effects.At present,most of the technical support of the promotion of this pattern is based on government and research institutes.Companies and cooperatives contribute to the establishment of a large-scale standardized orchard.However,the enthusiasm of the individual farmers is low,and most fruit growers still adopt a wait-and-see attitude toward adopting the "3-Excellent" apple high-density dwarfing stock planting pattern because there is no direct channel to obtain more accurate revenue data in the later period and there is no way to obtain economic benefits.This article takes Shunping County as an example,and uses questionnaire surveys and empirical studies to study the difference of the apple production between the "3-Excellent" apple high-density dwarfing stock planting pattern and the traditional vigorous stock planting pattern in terms of cost structure,output structure,cost-benefit,production efficiency,etc.The is expected to provide theoretical and empirical evidence for the selection of planting patterns for fruit growers.The main conclusions are as follows:First,in the first five years after the establishment of the park,the income per unit area of the vigorous stock planting orchard was only about 42% of the “3-Excellent” short-stocked orchards.In the fruit period,the capital investment per unit area of the “3-Excellent”orchard was 43.94% higher than that of the vigorous stock planting orchard,the labor input was saved 28.33%,and the total cost was 11.36% lower than that of the vigorous stock planting orchard.Under the same conditions,the excellent fruit rate of the “3-Excellent”planting pattern was 13.09% higher than that of the vigorous stock planting pattern,its average net income per 667m2 was 2.32 times that of the vigorous stock planting pattern,and the yield rate was increased by 55.97% compared to that of the vigorous stock planting pattern.Second,the labor productivity,land productivity,average productivity,and total productivity of the “3-Excellent” dwarfing stock planting pattern are all higher than those of the anvil planting model.It indicates that the transformation efficiency and output efficiency of resources and factor input of the “3-Excellent” dwarfing stock planting pattern are higher than that of the vigorous stock apple planting pattern apple production.Thirdly,the scientific and technical contribution rate of the "3-Excellent" dwarfing stock planting pattern is 64.25%,and the scale of return is increasing.It shows that the "3-Excellent" apple dwarfing stock planting pattern is a technology-intensive planting mode,the increase of scientific and technological content will greatly increase the output efficiency,and at the same time,the expansion of production scale will help increase its economic efficiency.In view of the above conclusions,this paper proposes to promote the process of land transfer,implement appropriate scale operations,promote orchard transformation and upgrading,improve the financial service mechanism for fruit tree planting,solve the "3-Excellent" supply of funds in orchards more effectively,nurture the "3-Excellent" planting of apple brands in orchards,and increase market awareness and recognition from the perspective of government’s promoting the promotion of the "3-Excellent" planting pattern.