Research On Orchard Automatic Spraying And Drip Irrigation System Based On Multiple Environmental Factors

The method of fruit tree irrigation and fertilization is directly related to the yield and quality of fruit.There are widespread studies on the waste of water and fertilizer resources,the low degree of informationization of industrial mechanization,and the incomplete warning mechanism of diseases and insect pests in citrus orchards in Jiangxi Province.With the recent years,With the increasing popularity of citrus in southern Jiangxi in recent years.Larger and bigger,the output has risen sharply,and the traditional single-family single-headed planting model has begun to transform into enterprise-scale cultivation.Therefore,there is an urgent need to design a multiple functional orchard automatic spray irrigation system with a variety of information feedback to improve the orchard.Manage information and intelligence,reduce production investment,increase output,and lead the modernization of agriculture.This article is based on multiple environmental factors orchard automatic sprinkler irrigation system research,the main contents are:(1)In order to meet the needs of irrigation and fertilization of fruit trees,an orchard information collection device was designed based on sensor technology,Internet of things technology,control technology,and mechanical electronics technology to realize monitoring of orchard meteorological information and pest information.The orchard meteorological information acquisition device is composed of a power supply module,a soil station,a weather station,and a gateway node,and has functions of video monitoring and data collection.The orchard pest monitoring part consists of an online high-definition infrared smart ball and an Internet of insect pests analyzer to analyze the orchard pest species and pest density.Validation of the results of solar radiation,atmospheric pressure,wind speed,outdoor average temperature,indoor maximum temperature and indoor minimum temperature as input to the prediction model,the actual crop evapotranspiration is true,the establishment of crop evapotranspiration The quantitative forecasting model shows that after the partial least-squares method compresses the input variables,the extreme learning machine predicts that the number of hidden layer neurons is 10,and the correlation coefficient is 0.85.The forecasting effect is good.The feed forward neural network predicts the correlation coefficient is 0.99,and the relative error is 0.01,which provides a good theoretical basis for the decision irrigation of automatic spray irrigation device.(2)In response to the need for fruit tree growth,an automatic drip irrigation system was developed for the orchard.The system study included the design of the Internet of Things Fertilizer,the study of pipe laying methods,and analysis of control methods.The Internet of Things fertilizer spreader adopts local control and remote control of the Internet of Things torealize different types of liquid fertilizer ratios.The pipeline laying method uses two submersible pumps to supply water to eight areas of the orchard.The irrigation mode is divided into two types: spray irrigation and drip irrigation,and fruit trees can be achieved.Irrigation,fertilization,antifreeze,and drug fights 4 functions.The control part is connected with the relay through the PLC and indirectly controls the actions of the solenoid valve and the suction fertilizer pump.When the system is irrigated,the measured voltage value decreases after the system has started for a period of time,and the voltage tends to stabilize.Within 8 minutes before the system was turned on,the pressure in the pipeline rose linearly,dropping from 8 to 10 minutes,and the pipeline pressure stabilized after 10 minutes.During the operation of the system,it was also found that as the larger the irrigated area,the water flowing out from the same dripper at the same time had a tendency to decrease.(3)The automatic spraying and drip irrigation system has been used for one year.The results show that the average chlorophyll content of two citrus varieties increased by 2.0SPAD and 2.6 SPAD under the automatic sprinkler irrigation system.The predicted total leaf quality scores increased by 17.4 and 38.8,respectively.Compared with conventional irrigated areas,the single fruit weight of the azalea and jujube fruits in the experimental area increased by 11.417 g and 135.264 g,respectively,and the mean values of horizontal and vertical diameters of grapefruit fruit increased by 1.02 cm and 0.99 cm,respectively.Soluble solids of the two fruits were obtained.They also increased by 0.36 brix and 1.26 brix,respectively,and the titratable acid increased by 0.102% and 0.14%.In addition,the use of the system also reduced the sugar to acid ratio in the low interval between Tian cao Citrus and grapefruit,thus increasing the ratio of high sugar to acid.