Effects Of Mixture Ratio And Dosage Of Liquid Fertilizers On Growth,Fruiting And Photosynthetic Physiology Of Camellia Oleifera Abel

Camellia oleifera Abel is a unique woody oil economic tree species in China.Camellia fruit is a treasured body,and its comprehensive utilization value is extremely high.It is an economic plant with great development prospects.In order to obtain high yields of C.oleifera Abel,intensive nutrient management is required.Currently,the fertilization of C.oleifera Abel is often performed using solid fertilizers.This method of fertilization uses large amounts of labor,high costs,uneven fertilizer efficiency,and low fertilizer use efficiency.In order to increase fertilizer efficiency and reduce the cost of fertilizer,some oil forests in oil fields often use liquid fertilizer to fertilize.Because liquid fertilizers are used less in forestry,the use of liquid fertilizer in oil Camellia forests is basically based on experience.In order to investigate the application technology of liquid fertilizer in Camellia oleifera forest land during fruit period,Changlin 53 was used as the test material,and four different ratios were set for the three main nutrient components of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium(3:1:1,5:3: 2,2:2:1,2:1:1),and three dosage tests of full-quantity,half-quantity,and 1/4-amount were performed for each ratio,and the traits of vegetative growth,fruit economic traits,and leaf photosynthetic traits of C.oleifera Abel were investigated through follow-up.Physiological and other related indicators to explore the effect of liquid fertilizer fertilization ratio and dosage on the growth,fruiting and photosynthetic physiology of C.oleifera Abel during fruiting period,in order to provide a certain theory and basis for nutrient management of Camellia in the fruit period.The main findings are as follows:1.The ratio and dosage of liquid fertilizer had different effects on the vegetative growth,fruit economic traits and photosynthetic physiology of C.oleifera Abel during fruiting period.The proportion of fertilizer with higher proportion of nitrogen fertilizer was conducive to the vegetative growth of C.oleifera Abel,and increased the oil tea leaf photosynthetic performance,but not conducive to the improvement of fruit economic traits and leaf fluorescence parameters.The 13 treatments that were tested,treatment 10(N:P:K=2:1:1,total amount)had the most significant increase in yield.2.Most of the growth indicators were affected by the ratio and amount of liquid fertilizer on the tree,spring shoots and fruit growth.Compared with the non-fertilized clean water,each liquid fertilizer treatment can promote the growth of plant height,ground diameter,crown width,shoot tip length,shoot tip thickness,leaf number,fruit diameter,and fruit height.A higher proportion of nitrogen nutrient ratio 1,could effectively increase the leaf area,crown width,fruit diameter,fruit height and fruit shape index,the effect of leaf greenness was not obvious.The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of the two combinations were all higher,and they had a good promoting effect on grounddiameter,tip length and leaf area.The three dosages used had little effect on most growth indexes of C.oleifera Abel,and only the plant height,spring shoot tip,and leaf area were closely related to the amount.The total application could significantly promote the high growth of C.oleifera Abel in the fruit period,half amount or 1/4.The amount of application can promote the diameter of the spring tea seed oil thickening,increasing the leaf area.In fertilization treatment,the fertilizer effects of treatment 4 、 treatment 3 、treatment 5 and treatment 6 were more obvious.The proportion of nitrogen fertilizer in these four treatments was relatively higher,and the dosages were half and one-fourth.3.The application of liquid manure significantly decreased the seeding rate and oil content of C.oleifera Abel fruit.In particular,the proportion of nitrogen nutrient content increased the water content of fresh seeds significantly.However,the liquid manure can increase the individual fruit weight of the fruit and the number of fruits per plant,thereby increasing the yield per plant of the C.oleifera Abel.Among the four ratios set,the effect of increasing N:P:K=2:1:1 was the most obvious,full amount(treatment 10)was best when applied.Treatment 6(N:P:K=5:3:2,1/4 dosage)also had a significant increase in production.4.Most physiological indicators are affected by the ratio and amount of liquid fertilizer.In the aspect of promoting photosynthetic characteristics,the ratio of phosphorus with high content of nutrients is better than the ratio of three,and the ratio has a significant promoting effect on ETR,q P,and Y(II),and the ETR,q P,and Y are treated with a half amount(treatment 10).(II)The best effect is.Compared with the non-fertilized clear water control,the application of liquid fertilizer increased the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of the Camellia leaves as a whole,reduced the transpiration rate,increased the water retention,and effectively improved the ETR,q P,Y(II)promotes the development of fluorescence and enhances the protection of photosynthetic structure of Camellia oleifera,making photosynthesis effective.