| Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy,and the wisdom agriculture that the combination of traditional agriculture and the Internet of Things has created is an inevitable trend of modern agricultural development.The development of smart agriculture is of great significance to the realization of the goal of China's agricultural modernization.Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is the main method for obtaining field information,and it is also the basic link for the implementation of smart agriculture.The research and settlement of key technologies is of great significance for the promotion and research of smart agriculture.At present,the bottleneck of internationally recognized wireless sensor network development lies in the fact that wireless sensor network applications are too fragmented and different fields use different communication technologies.Therefore,it is difficult to form large-scale industries;secondly,the energy consumption of network nodes is too high.It is an important factor that restricts the rapid development of smart agriculture.Based on the wisdom agricultural parks in Qian County of Shaanxi and Tonglu in Guizhou,this paper studies the long-term survivability of WSN nodes in smart agriculture from three aspects: system architecture model,network communication and routing protocols,and data fusion in the network.The main research content of the paper includes:(1)The development status of energy-saving technologies in sensor networks at home and abroad is analyzed.The overall structure of sensor network systems is studied in light of the actual needs of the project.(2)From the aspects of the natural environment of the sensor network,terrain topography,data requirements,network fault tolerance,detection methods,and real-time requirements,the application requirements of the WSN in the smart agriculture were determined,and the network model of the wireless sensor network was defined.At the same time,taking the plain terrain of Shaanxi Province as the specific application scenario,the energy-efficient design of the smart agricultural wireless sensor network architecture is elaborated from the perspectives of system service architecture,system implementation architecture,and network topology structure,focusing on the wisdom orchard wireless sensor network.Layered,heterogeneous architecture implementations.(3)Combining different applications,research on low-energy wireless sensor network protocols.Focusing on the analysis of the source of energy consumption in the MAC layer,the Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO)algorithm and the LEACH algorithm are studied at the same time.It is difficult to realize the direct communication between the sensor node and the sink node because of the large distribution range of the smart agricultural sensor network.Due to the differences in the remaining energy of the nodes caused by heterogeneous networks,the design of a candidate cluster head can be used to comprehensively consider the remaining energy of nodes,the relative centrality of nodes,the relative density of nodes,and the node and the base station(BS).The distances make the cluster head distribution more uniform and the network load is more balanced.The HCWG algorithm has the remaining energy consciousness of nodes.(4)From the perspective of data fusion in the sensor network,the overall implementation method of network energy reduction is analyzed.According to the temporal and spatial correlation and periodicity of the monitoring data,a one-dimensional linear regression data compression algorithm(TDCA)is proposed to effectively reduce the redundancy.The transmission of data and error data enables the network overhead in wireless communication to be effectively reduced.(5)The typical sensor network system structure composition,sensor node design and routing node design suitable for agricultural orchard are given. |
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