Differences In BVOCs Release From Leaves Of Morus Alba L. Induced By Mechanical Damage And Two Kinds Of Insects

As an important economic tree species in China,Morus alba L.has great value in the Bombyx mori L.feeding,but at the same time it has long suffered from the harm of Apriona germari.This study qualitatively and quantitatively measures the release of VOCs induced by Morus L.under mechanical injury and under different insects’ feeding,and explores the defense mechanism of Morus L.against mechanical damage and biological stress.We supporsed to research and development biological control and cleaning of Apriona germari tree-sourced attractants,and provide basic theoretical knowledge for efficient Bombyx L.feed production.In this experiment,the combination of dynamic headspace sampling and on-line measurement was used.The TD-GC-MS and PTR-MS mass spectrometry techniques were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the volatile compounds of Morus L.leaves under three treatments.Find the following results:(1)Morus L.leaves immediately release a large amount of green leaf volatiles(GLVs)after mechanical damage,including(E)-hex-3-enyl carbonate,1-methylcyclopentene,cyclohexene,(E)2-Hexenal,(Z)-3-hexenal,3-hexenol,furfural,and other major substances,wherein TD-GC-MS shows(E)-hex-3-ene Ethyl carbonate releases the largest amount,but all types and concentrations of volatiles will return to normal in a short time.(2)The leaves induced by Bombyx L.feeding also released green leaf volatiles,but the leaf release was relatively low,and(E)-hex-3-enyl carbonate was not detected.However,6 hours after induction,monoterpenoids could be detected.Compared to mechanical damage,the mulberry silkworms induced more volatile species released from the leaf,but the immediate release was small and the leaf recovery was slower.(3)The leaves induced by Apriona germari feeding also released green leaf volatiles.The release was relatively small,but it still released(E)-hex-3-enyl carbonate.Similar to the leaves induced by the Bombyx L.feeding,the monoterpenoids were detected 6 hours after induction.Compared with the first two inductions,the kinds of volatiles from the Apriona germari-feeding-leaves were the most abundant and the recovery was the slowest.Conclusion: GLVs are the main types of injury after all three types of injury,which is related to the rupture of three biofilms and lipid membrane oxidation.Compared to mechanical damage and feeding by the Apriona germari,Bombyx L.feeding did not produce ethyl(E)-hex-3-enyl carbonate.We speculated that ethyl(E)-hex-3-enyl carbonate was probably a compound that is extremely unfavorable to the Bombyx L.,there is a regulatory mechanism in the coevolution of Bombyx L.and Bombyx L.without producing(E)-hex-3-enyl carbonate.The monoterpenoids that are induced only after a few hours from insects-feeding-leaves are more likely to be driven by insect saliva.Detailed regulation and induction mechanisms also require more in-depth research.