Effect Of Different Irrigation And Fertilization Methods On Growth And Nutrient Absorption Of Flue-cured Tobacco

In the paper,through field experiments,research two water-saving irrigation method(hole irrigation,drip irrigation),two fertilization methods(conventional fertilization method,drip irrigation fertilization),under conditions of dripping the different levels of N or K fertilizer on growth,fertilizer absorption,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.The main results showed as follow:1.Compared with the hole irrigation,drip irrigation increased tobacco plant height,girth,maximum leaf length,maximum leaf length width,and other agronomic traits,and net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,SPAD,the leaf area index.Drip irrigation promoted root development of tobacco plants and accumulation of dry matter.Drip irrigation increased the plant N,P,K nutrient accumulation and the efficiency of nutrient absorption and fertilizer partial productivity of N and P.Compared with the hole irrigation,drip irrigation increased the content of nicotine and potassium of bottom-position leaves,total sugar and reducing sugar content of middle leaves.The tobacco yield,output value and the proportion of superior tobacco of drip irrigation improved 12.04%,15.58% and 3.31% respectively than hole irrigation.2.Compared with the hole irrigation fertilization,drip irrigation fertilization increased tobacco plant height,girth,maximum leaf length,maximum leaf length width,effective leaf number and other agronomic traits,and net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,SPAD and the leaf area index.Drip irrigation fertilization significantly increased root development of tobacco plants and accumulation of dry matter.It also improved the plant nutrient accumulation and the efficiency of nutrient absorption and fertilizer partial productivity of N and K.Compared with the conventional fertilization method,drip irrigation fertilization increased the content of potassium of bottom-position leaves,total sugar and reducing sugar content of middle leaves,and decreased the content of nicotine in middle and bottom-position leaves.The tobacco yield,output value and the proportion of superior tobacco of drip irrigation fertilization improved 21.44%,27.87% and 3.02% respectively than conventional fertilization.3.In condition of this experiment,applying part of N through drip irrigation had a negative impact on growth of flue-cured tobacco.With the decrease of Nitrogen application rate,tobacco plant height,girth,maximum leaf length,maximum leaf length width,effective leaf number and other agronomic traits and net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and other photosynthetic characteristics showed the tendency of decrease.Applying part of N through drip irrigation decreased the root development of tobacco plants and accumulation of dry matter.With the decrease of Nitrogen application rate,plant N and K accumulations showed the tendency of decrease,but the efficiency of N nutrient absorption and partial productivity improved.Applying part of N through drip irrigation decreased the content of nicotine and total nitrogen in middle leaves,decreased total sugar,reducing sugar content,the rate of reducing sugar to nicotine,the rate of potassium to chlorine in upper-bottom-position leaves.Compared with the conventional nitrogen application rate,the treatment of 13%N reducing fertilizer and the treatment of 26%N reducing fertilizer significantly decreased 11.58% and 22.91% in yield,8.62% and 15.93% in the proportion of superior tobacco respectively.4.It is no significant effect on the growth of tobacco when applying part of K through drip irrigation.Applying part of K through drip irrigation decreased net photosynthetic rate and decreased root development of tobacco plants and accumulation of dry matter.The treatment of 26%K reducing fertilizer significantly decreased plant N,P,K accumulations.The treatment of 13%K reducing fertilizer was no significant difference with conventional K application rate.Applying part of K through drip irrigation decreased the efficiency of N,P nutrient absorption and partial productivity and increased the efficiency of K nutrient absorption and partial productivity.Applying part of K through drip irrigation increased the content of nicotine in middle-upper-position leaves and chlorine in bottom leaves,and decreased total sugar and reducing sugar content.In yield and output value,the treatment of 13%K reducing fertilizer was no significant difference with conventional K application rate,but the treatment of 13%K reducing fertilizer was significantly lower than other treatments.The treatment of 26%K reducing fertilizer significantly decreased 12.32% in output value and 5.53% in the proportion of superior tobacco respectively.5.Drip irrigation fertilization improved the tobacco plant growth,fertilizer absorption and utilization,it also improved yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.In condition of this test,applying part of N through drip irrigation inhibited growth of flue-cured tobacco,and it also decreased yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.The treatment of 13%K reducing fertilizer was no significant on the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.Because this experiment was only carried out for one year,so we need carry out years experiment to verificate the results.