| The tea tree(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Klmtze),belongs to the Division Angiospemae,Class Dicotyedoneae,Order Therles,Family Theaceae,Genus Camellia,Shrubs or small trees of Sect.(L.)Dyer.Yunnan is the origin area of tea tree.Yunnan is the largest preserved ancient tea garden in China and even the world with the most ancient tea trees.It has important scientific and socio-economic and cultural values and seen as important agricultural and cultural heritage in the world.Under the complex ecological environment,rich and varied germplasm resources have been formed after a long period of artificial domestication and natural selection.Study of genetic diversity of the ancient tea tree will provide theoretical basis to the collection,conservation and utilization of ancient tea tree germplasm resources.The SSR technology has the advantages of high polymorphism and reliability,and has become an important molecular technique and method for the study of genetic diversity in plants.In this thesis,SSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of ancient tea plant resources in Xishuangbanna.The main results are as follows:1.In the survey of consumer demand for ancient tea trees,41% of consumers think that tea trees aged more than 300 years can be called "ancient trees tea";85% of consumers buy ancient tea for the purpose of drinking themselves;50~59-years-old consumers who drink ancient tree tea every day accounted for 81.6%;tea price below 200 yuan is suitable for consumers with different monthly income.Also some buy the tea with price higher than 2000.As to the purchase way,73.94% of consumers tend to choose the traditional way of buying,14.62% prefer choose to buy online platform,which indicating that the ancient tree tea not synchronize with the information age.76.69% of the consumers considered the primary factor in the purchase of old tree tea is the quality,the demand for the old tree tea packaging is not high and only 12.71% consumers pay attention to the packaging when purchasing the ancient tree tea.All the results indicate that the quality is the most important factor that affects the consumption demand of the ancient tree tea and the packaging with the lowest influence factor and more consumers tend to choose ancient tree tea in Xishuangbanna area and Pu’er area.2.In this study,18 alleles were detected using 8 SSR markers.Within the population,the heterozygosity(Ho)was 0.392,the expected heterozygosity(He)was 0.353,and the average shannon information index(I)was 0.578.The average percentage of sites(P%)is 75%,indicating that Yunnan ancient tea resources have high genetic diversity.According to Nei’s genetic distance and genetic concordance,the genetic distance between WengJi and Mangjing is the smallest(0.019),the highest consistency between the two is 0.982,and the genetic distance between Nannuo Hill and Dapingzhang is the largest(0.303)which have the lowest consistency(0.739).3.Genetic cluster was analyzed by UPGMA method using POPGENE software.Cluster dendrogram showed that the ancient tea resources in 10 regions can be divided into two categories.Laobanzhang,WengJi,Mangjing,Huazhuliangzi,Dapingzhang gathered in a class.Nannuo Shan,XiaoMeng Song,Luoshuidong,Mahei,Gaoshanzhai assembled into another category.164 of the ancient tea resources are divided into three categories using the DAR win V6 software.Different geographical origins of the ancient tea tree in three groups showed interspersed distribution.In the sub-groups,there are also interspersed distribution and mutual penetration,at the same time,there are also some ancient tea trees of the same geographical origin.According to the genetic structure analysis of STUCTURE software,the results showed that the germplasm of 164 ancient tea trees were divided into two groups when the value of K was set as 2,each of which had 82 ancient tea trees.One group include places of WengJi,Mangjing,Dapingzhang and Huazhuliangzi and another group contain Laobanzhang,Nannuo Hill,XiaoMeng Song,Luoshuidong,Mahei and Gaoshanzhai.4.The AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic differentiation coefficient(Fst)between ancient tea trees was 0.133,which indicated that the ancient tea tree populations were moderately differentiated.87% of the genetic variation comes from internal of the population,and the rest(13%)of the genetic variation appear on the populations.All the results indicated that the genetic diversity of the ancient tea tree is mainly derived from the inter-population.Gene flow(Nm)of the ancient tea tree is 1.624 in different geographic regions of Xishuangbanna. |
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