Establishment And Application Of Soybean Seed Viability Testing Technique Based On Volatile Compounds

Soybean belongs to the "short-lived" seeds,and the decreases of seeds viability is obvious during preservation.In order to maintain the seed viability effectively and the genetic integrity of germplasm,it is necessary to timely monitor the change of seed viability in the germplasm preservation process to determine whether to update the germplasm material.At present,the commonly used seed viability testing methods have problems such as time-consuming,laborious and consumption of seeds and soon.Therefore,there is a need to develop rapid,efficient,and non-destructive methods to test the viability of seeds.In this paper,soybean seeds of different varieties were used as research objects to construct a fast and non-destructive testing technology of soybean seeds based on PEN3 electronic nose technique.The technology was applied in different treatment methods and different varieties of soybean seeds.Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to detect the differences in gas composition.The theoretical basis of using electronic nose technology to detect seed viability was discussed.The main experimental progress includes:1.The effect of detection parameters on the detection effect of electronic nose technique:"Zhongdou27" was used as the experimental material to prove that the sample quality and the sealing time will affect the response signal of the electronic nose sensors.In this experiment,the relevant parameters were optimized.When the sealed container is 100 mL,the sample quality is 10 g and the sealing time is 1 h,the detection has better stability and repeatability.2.Electronic-nose can effectively distinguish soybean seeds with different viability:first,artificial accelerated aging method was used to obtain "Zhongdou27"-materials with germination rates of 99%,80%,50%,and 20%,and the electronic nose was used to collect gas signals.Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA)can completely distinguish different vitality seeds.Loadings results showed that the sensors with higher contribution rate in seeds viability discrimination are W2S(alcohols,aldehydes and ketones),W1S(alkanes),W5S(nitrogen oxides),W2W(aromatics)and W1W(organic sulfurs),and all have a significant negative correlation with seed viability.For the controversy of whether natural aging of seeds can reflect artificial accelerated aging,the natural aging "Zhongdou27" material was further analyzed.Linearity discrimination method can also completely distinguish the seeds with germination rate of 99%,78%,50%and 4%of the,and the Loading results are consistent.It shows that the main sensor of the same germplasm of different aging methods is the same,and there are similarities electronic nose signals.In summary,the electronic nose is suitable for the detection of soybean seeds viability in artificial accelerated aging and natural aging.In summary,the electronic nose can be applied to the viability detection of soybean seeds with different aging methods.3.The application of electronic nose in the detection of soybean seed viability of different germplasms:This experiment used "zhongpin661"and its EMS-induced 496 materials as the research object,and collecting electronic nose signals and seed viability before and after aging,then analyzing them.The correlation analysis between electronic nose signal and seed viability after aging showed that there was a significant negative correlation between WIS(alkanes),W2S(alcohols,aldehydes and ketones)and W2W(aroma components)and viability(R2=-0.891,-0.976,-0.736),which shows that this technique can be applied to the detection of soybean seeds viability of different germplasms materials.4.The material basis of detection seed viability by Electronic nose:In order to further understand the basis of the material composition of volatile compounds for detecting soybean seed viability,solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were used to test the seeds of artificial aging "Zhongdou27" with different viability.After identification by mass spectrometry,a total of 10 classes of 318 compounds were obtained,of which 19 compounds were significantly correlated with seed viability,especially the compounds R1(aldehydes),R37(ketones)and R45(alcohols)were significantly negatively correlated with seed viability(correlation coefficient R2=-0.9657,-0.8993,-0.9630).These 19 compounds are mainly alcohols,aldehydes,alkanes,ketones,etc.,and are consistent with the main sensor components of the electronic nose loading analysis.This proves that electronic nose technique is feasible for detecting seed viability at the material composition level,and it also provides an important reference for further optimizing this technique.In summary,this study optimized the parameters of electronic nose detection,and proved that the technique can be applied to the detection of the viability of different aging methods and different varieties of soybean seed;solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to detect and analyze the gas differences of soybean seeds with different viability.The theoretical basis of electronic nose technique was discussed,and it provided an important reference for further optimization and application of the technique seed viability testing in the genebank.